Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 64. (Budapest 1972)
Wenger, S.: Data to the anthropology of the Avar Period population in Northern Plains, Hungary
show equal proportions in the males, it is the frequencies of the mesorrhinous and chamaerrhinous nasal indices which are equal in the females (33.3%—33.3%), with hyperchamaerrhinous being 22.3% and leptorrhinous only 11.1% of the females. The mean of the stature of the females is 154.15 cm, that is, as medium as in the males (Table 2). The distribution of the stature groups is also relatively corresponding with that of the males, namely 31.3% average, 31.3% tall average, 25.0% short average, 6.2% short, and 6.2% tall. Summing up the aboves, it can be established by the mean values of the main morphometric data and the respective indices, the group frequencies and their evaluation that the cranial configuration of the female group at Tisza vas vár is medium long, medium broad, the mean value of the cranial index shows a brachycranial character, the distribution of the cranial index also showing brachycrany present in the greatest percentage. The brain case is high, by the per cent distribution of the length — height index hypsicrany is characteristic. By the breadth — height index metriocrany predominates, while by the per cent distribution and the mean value of the transversal—frontoparietal index, metriometopy prevails. The face is broad, medium high, by the facial index mesoprosopic; the upper face is medium high, mesen. The orbita medium high, mesoconch, the nose wide, chamaerrhinous. The stature of the females is average. Let us now attempt, by the collation of the two sexes, the craniometric evaluation of the partial population excavated at Tisza vasvár. The skulls are, on the basis of the proportions of the absolute measurements, preponderantly moderately long (51.0%), long to very long (36.8% and 6.1%) respectively, and short in 6.1%. As to the cranial width, the skulls are mostly moderately broad (44.8%), broad in 36.8%, and narrow in 18.4%. Concerning height, the group frequencies are: 84.6% high, 15.4% moderately high. The facial skeleton is broad (81.8%) or very broad (18.2%), and mostly high (59.1%) to medium high (40.9%). The upper face is moderately high (56.5%) to high (34.7%), and very high to low in equal proportions (4.4%-4.4%, respectively). According to the distribution of the stature groups, the examined population can be subdivided as: average 31.1%, tall average and tall 29.5% and 14.8%, respectively, short 6.6%. With respect to the frequency of the main cranial index groups, the majority of the skulls are brachycranial, hyperbrachycranial, ultrabrachycranial (36.3, 27.2, 6.8%), mesocranial (18.4%) and dolichocranial (11.3%). By the length —height index the hypsicranial character predominates (92.3%), the frequency of orthocranial skulls being only 7.7%. The distribution of the group frequencies by the breadth —height index, 41.7% of the skulls are metriocranial, 33.3% acrocranial, and 25.0% tapeinocranial. In the case of the trans versai — frontoparietal index, the metriometopic skulls are in the majority (50%), followed by the eurymetopic (28.6%) and stenometopic (21.4%) groups. The proportional distribution of the facial index groups reveal that the mesoprosopic skulls predominate (44.5%), with the euryprosopic and leptoprosopic ones being present in smaller percentages (33.3% and 22.2%, respectively). According to the upper face index, 70% of the skulls are mesen and 30% lepten. Concerning the group frequencies of the orbital index, the mesoconch skulls are in the majority (60%), with only 32.0% being hypsiconch and 8.0% chamaeconch. The chamaerrhinous skulls predominate (36.5%) by the nasal index, followed by the equal proportions (27.2% each) of the leptorrhinous and mesorrhinous skulls, with the frequency of hyperchamaerrhiny being merely 9.1%.
