Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 64. (Budapest 1972)

Jánossy, D.: Middle Pliocene microvertebrate fauna from the Osztramos Loc. 1. (Northern Hungary)

length of one M

1 is 3.2 mm, that of an M

2 2.45 mm. These teeth seem to belong to a larger species (labeled as ,,Rotundomys sp."), but they may also be plus variants of R. (K.) magna. The length of 15 lower M

X ranges between 1.44-1.65 mm (small form), that of 5 other lower M.

l between 2.03-2.30 mm (larger form). The measurements of various teeth of Kowalskia fahlbuschi BACHMAYER & WILSON (1970) from Kohfidisch (Gyepüfüzes) fall into the range of K. magna, its taxonomic independency is therefore problematic. In view fact that Rotundomys MEIN, 1966, stands morphologically very near Kowalskia FAHLBUSCH, 1969, and as they represent apparently the same evolutionary trend, it seems to be justified to unite them. According to the oral communication by KRETZOI, his geologically considerably older Neocricetodon ( 1930) from Csákvár represents the same evolutionary lineage. ? Meriones sp. Three molar fragments from loc. 1/b and one from loc. 1/c originate from a vole-like rodent. The molars have roots, but their crowns are hypselodont, in three molars they consist, in the occlusal view, of three enamel loops, in one of them only of two. The enamel loops are not alternating, as in the true voles (including Ellobius and Prometheomys) or Trilophomys, but symmetrically built, as in Rhombomys or Meriones; (in the structure of the enamel folds they stand nearer the former genus, in the hight of the crowns to the latter one). The remains are not sufficient for the description of a new taxonomic unit. It should be mentioned that such a form is not wholly foreign to the European Pliocene. A Gerb illine form was described from Kohfidisch (BACHMAYER & WILSON, 1970) and a Meriones sp. is listed from the Lower Pliocene fauna of Eichkogel by DAXNER-HÖCK (1970.) The record of the more brachyodontous Pseudomeriones SCHAIJB, 1934. from Rhodes (Greece), by Bruijn (MEIN et al., 1970) is zoogeographically less acceptable than the European forms. Baranomys (Warthamys) kowalskii progressus ssp. n. — description see below. Polonomys sp. Two M

2 from loc. 1/b and one M

1 from loc. 1/c, with Baranomys-like pattern of the enamel folds and with Prometheomyine-like middlecrowned molars ; three roots in each tooth, but with larger dimensions as Baranomys owing to this ancestral form (see Plate I. fig. 1-3; length of M

1 2.03 mm, in Baranomys 1.43 mm, that of M

2 1.65 mm, in the latter 1.22 mm). According to the structure and measurements of the teeth, as well as the geological age one may assume that a form of Polonomys is present. This genus was described by KRETZOI (1959) and the type is Mimomys cf. pusillus KOWALSKI (1956) from Podlesice, later described as Promimomys insuliferus KOWALSKI, 1958. This form is, however, very closely related to the North American form Prosomys mimas SHOTWELL, 1956. In the absence of M^ the material is not suitable for a more precise identification.