Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 64. (Budapest 1972)

Papp, L.: Systematical and ecological investigations on fly pests of fungi in Hungary, II. Sphaeroceridae and Asteiidae (Diptera)

Systematical and Ecological Investigations on Fly Pests of Fungi in Hungary, II. Sphaeroceridae and Asteiidae (Diptera) By L. PAPP. Budapest Sphaeroceridae Among the more than 50 000 flies reared from fungi by Mrs. A. DBLYDRASKOVITS (1972), there were only 52 specimens belonging to the family Sphaeroceridae. They originated from 16 samples only, that is, 1 per cent of all samples. Obviously therefore, sphaerocerids do not appear to be important pests of mushrooms in Hungary. If the small dimensions of the reared species are taken into account, the damage caused is insignificant. However, from faunistical and ecological points of view the material proved to be very interesting. With respect to particulars; there are given in the annotated list below the duration of the damage*, the species of the fungi as breeding substrate of the fly species in question, the localities, and the number of reared fly specimens. Limosina flavipes METO. : Coprinus atramentarius, Csévharaszt, 20. VI. 1967, hatched 18. IV. 1968. A very damaged male specimen. This species breeds in many kinds of •decaying material of animal and vegetal origin (FALCOZ 1915, RICHARDS 1930). DUDA (1938) reared it from mushrooms, too. Limosina parapusio DAHL: (III)-XI. Boletus qucletii, Gyroporus castaneus, Chamaemyces fracida, Psathyretta hydrophila, Cortinarius hinntdeus, Lactarius mairei, Lactarius quietus, Russula pectinata, Russula grisea. — Budapest: Csillebérc; Buda Hills: Csúcshegy, Remetehegy; Mt. Visegrád: Helyiipari spring; Mts. Bükk: Felsőtárkány-Varróház; Gödöllő. — 0• rf, 44 9 • It may be the most common sphaerocerid species breeding in fungi (RicHARDS 1930, DUDA 1938). It is also a well-known and remarkable phenomenon that the males of this species are extremely rare: we did not get a single specimen. I think there are two possibilities for a reasonable explanation of this phenomenon: 1. The vitality of the males is much less than the females, owing to genetical reasons ; 2. Over and above zoogamy there is parthenogenesis in this species, and the specimens multiplying by parthenogenesis (probably distinct strains) predominate (cf. BLOCK 1969). Puncticorpus cribratum VILL. : VII-XI. Gyroporus castaneus, Oudemansiella radmata, Psathyretta hydrophila, Cortinarius hinnuleus, Russula vesca. — Buda Hills: Csúcshegy; Mt. Pilis: Lajos spring; Mt. Visegrád: Gizella-telep; Gödöllő. 3 rf, 4 9- The reared specimens represent a species of a genus new to our fauna. It is extremely rare. So far it has been found in mouse-runs and in the nests of ants (RICHARDS 1930, HACKMAN 1967). As regards its breeding substrate, the above-mentioned data are the first reliable ones. * First Roman numeral indicates the first month when the fungal-samples were collected, •or the month of emergence in the spring, of which hatched from samples collected in the preceding year (if so, the respective month is given in brackets); the second Roman numeral refers to the month when the last emergences occurred.