Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 63. (Budapest 1971)
Kol, E.: Green snow and ice from the Antarctica
Cryocystis granulosa KOL Plate I, Fig. 15 Oval cells, 15 u. wide, 18 u, long, wall ornamented by minute verrucosity. KOL described (1959) the microorganism from the red snow of Greenland. Only a few specimens were found in the green cryoseston of Terre Adélie. Scotiella nivalis (SHUTTLEw.) FRITSCH Plate I, Fig. 7-8 Oval cells, 18 u. long, 12 [x wide, wall ornamented with longitudo-spirally decurrent ribbing. Various developmental stages in greater numbers w r ere found in the green cryoseston of Terre Adélie. The microorganism is known from several localities in the Antarctic snow r . It is one of the most frequently occurring cryobionts both in the Northern and the Southern Hemispheres. Scotiella polyptera FRITSCH Plate I, Figs. 16-19 Wide oval cells, 18—24 u. long, 15—21 u, wide, with numerous longitudospirally decurrent sinuous ribbing. The microorganism was first described by FRITSCH (1912) from ihe yellow snow of the Antarctica. Comparison of the green cryosestons deriving from various areas of the Antarctica The green cryoseston microorganisms, collected and observed in the Antarctica, may be summarily reviewed as follows. Red and green snows in the Antarctica were for the first time collected by É. RAKOVITZA, biologist of the "Expedition antarctique de la 'Belgica' led by DE GERLACHE DE GOMERY in 1897 — 1899, in the area of the Détroit de Gerlache. RAKOVITZA collected green snow in the above locality in January, 1898; it was worked up by DE WILDEMANN (1900, 1935). DE WILDEMANN (1935) published the following microorganisms from the green snow sample: Oscillatoria sp., Hormiscia flaccida (KG.) LAGERH. var. nivalis DE WILD., Olpidium ulotrichicis DE WILD., Slichococcus bacillaris NAEG., Raphidonema nivale LAGERH., Conferva bombycina AG., Trochiscia nivalis LAGERH., Chlamydomonas sanguined LAGERH., Menoidium incurvum (FRES.) KLEBS var. anlarcticum DE WILD., Mesocarpus sp., Spirogyra sp. Desmidiaceaea : Hyalotheca dissiliens (SMITH) BRÉB., Closterium Malinvernianum DE NOT., Cosmarium Botrytis (BORY) MENEGH., Cosmarium subspeciosum NORDST., Staurastrum muticum BRÉB., Staurastrum sp. Among the recorded algal species few are true cyrobionts, namely: Raphidonema nivale LAGERH., Slichococcus bacillaris NAEG., Trochiscia nivalis LAGERH., Chlamydomonas sanguinea LAGERH., Menoidium incurvum (FRES.) KLEBS. var. antarcticum DE WILD. Most of them are cryoxenous species, members of probably facultative cryosestons. In general, the members of the facultative cryosestons occur concomitantly with the microorganisms of the true cryoseston in the snow flora of the Antarctica.
