Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 63. (Budapest 1971)
Kovács, L.: Data to the knowledge of Hungarian Macrolepidoptera VI. Data with respect to migrating and spreading species
I Iimgary. The double peak of the flight diagram implies that the emergence from the pupae during the summer takes at least two phases. This assumption can be supported by some partial data too. Though the number of local data for a given year is so low that they do not give a sure basis for the delimitation of the emergence cycles, in 1962 and again in 1970, there occurs an unmistakable break-up of a wholly identical character in the phenological data for the second half of the summer in two light traps on each occasion. The localities are Keszthely and Tolna in 1962, and Zalaerdőd and again Tolna in 1970. In these localities, the first phase of the extensive summer flight closed by 5—7 August in both years, and the new phase began on three occasions on 19 August and in one case still later. The not quite two weeks interval seems to be too short for regarding the specimens observed at the end of August as the descendants of those observed at the turn of July and August. It is much more acceptable that in the given cases we have to do, in spite of the distinct separation of the data, rather with a genctical than an ecological generation (MALICKY, 1969). It was pointed out already above that according to the data of the light traps the migration of exigua has two phases in this country, one in about the middle of May, the other in the second half of June. With due regard to this observation, the appearance of the double summer peak can be explained as being the indications of the emergence of the progeny deriving from the immigrated specimens, the first peak referring to those in May and the second to those in June. If this be so, it contributes new data also to the phenological character of the genetic broods, since they are not apoclictically characterized by a temporal overlap —at the commencement they might appear so discrete as to imply the status of ecological generations. Map 6. Areas involved in the invasions of Spodoptera exigua HBN. in the years 1962—67 (based on the data of 40 light traps)
