Szekessy Vilmos (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 58. (Budapest 1966)

Kol, E.: Snow algae from the valley of the Morskie Oko Lake in the High Tatra

Chlamydomonas nivalis WILLE (Plate I, Figs. 15, 30) In the snow samples, I found only sphaerical (Fig. 15) cells in resting stages, 16—20 [j, diameter, and some giant cells (Fig. 30). Chlamydomonas nivalis WILLE was the dominant species in every snow sample. Given favourable conditions, there is usually a rosy or reddish bloom on these snow surfaces (SIEMINSKA, 1951 a, p. 3). The summer of 1965 was very rainy also in area tinder discussion, hence the weather was not suitable for the development of snow bloom and the mass occurrence of Chlamydomonas nivalis to cause a discoloration of the snow surfaces. Chlamydomonas nivalis is the most abundant microorganism, and occurring on the greatest areas, of red snow. It is the dominant species in the red snow of almost every continent on the Northern Hemisphere. It causes red snow bloom in the granite Tatra (KOL, 1928; SIEMINSKA 1951 b; PARYSKI 1951), and frequently occurs also in the black snow of the Tatra. Protococcales Ankistrodesmus longissimus (LEMM.) WILLE var. Rostafinskii KOL (Plate I, Fig. 13) Slightly curved, long, fusiform, 1.5 \x wide and 40—60 \x long cells, with thin cellwalls. Chloroplast lamelliform, with numerous pyrenoids arranged in a single row. I recorded it first from the green snow of the Bolina Kepy in the Béla Tatra, at 1340 m a.s.l. (KOL, 1928). An endemic plant of the Tatra, to be found in small individual numbers. Scotiella nivalis (SHUTTLEW.) FRITSCH (Plate I, Fig. 23) 12 u. wide, 15—18 u. long, young cells found in the snow samples. Scotiella nivalis is, after Chlamydomonas nivalis, the most frequently occurring cryobiont on the snow surfaces of the Tatra, to be found on almost all snow patches, at various altitudes above sea level; (KOL, 1928) Great Papyrus valley, 1680 m a.s.l., Trümmer valley, 2180 m a.s.l., (KOL, 1965), the valley of the Döller Lake 2000 m a.s.l., (SCHERFFEL, 1914), Great Papyrus valley (SIEMINSKA, 1951 a, b), below Szpiglasowa Pass, 1960 m a.s.l. LTotrichales Györffyella tatrica KOL (Plate I, Fig. 11) The filaments of diverse length, and consisting mostly of 4 cells, form characteristical groups, settling radially around a centre. One end of the single filament is pointed, the filaments are short, 2 [i wide and 15—20 u, long. Chloroplast disciform, without pyrenoid. I described this species from the green snow of the Dolina Kepy of the Béla Tátra, and from the red snow of the Trümmer valley (Kol, 1928, p. 618). An endemic plant of the High Tatra. Koliella tatrae (KOL in GYŐRFFY) HINDÁK (Plate I, Fig. 12) The microorganism caused the green snow of the Dolina Kepy in the Béla Tatra (GYŐRFFY, 1927; KOL, 1927) ; it is found sporadically and in small numbers from diverse snow surfaces of the High Tatra. The species inhabits also the South Carpathians (KOL, 1949 a). It was collected not only on the snow fields of Europe, but also on those of Asia (Japan) (FUKUSHIMA, 1956).