Szekessy Vilmos (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 56. (Budapest 1964)

Tóth, T.: The German cemetery of Hegykő (VI. c.). (A palaeoanthropological sketch)

According to the data of the brain case (Table V), the Hegykő finds display a certain alliance also with our home La-Tène series. It is also worthy of note that, with respect to certain characteristics (Table V), the early Sarmatian group beyond the river Tisza also approach that of the La-Tène period. We have already alluded to the fact that the Hegykő material reflects, aside of the one from Tulln, features agreeing with the early Sarmatian group. On the other hand, the Hegykő series differs, within the assemblances of the europoide characteristics, from the late Roman Brigetio, Csákvár, and Intercisa finds, while, again in the rate of the profilization, it strongly approaches the Sarmatian material from the Azov area (Table VII), which might render probable the immigration of ,,barbarian" ethnic elements from the Sarmatian period to the confines of the Lake Fertő. This assumption is substantiated by historical and archeological treatises concerning the transcolonization of barbarian" groups into the Transdanubium (BARKÓCZI, 1960, 1961; HARMATTÁ, 1949, 1950). The divergence of the Hegykő series from groups in the limes area (Brigetio, Intercisa) would refute any presumption concerning an advanced Romanization of the population in question. Our contention is supported by some workers (KUDRYAVTZEV, 1957) who assert that the rural population of the Danubian provinces had Romanized to a lesser degree than the urban ones. The low rate mongoloidé influence demonstrated in the Hegykő series cannot be unilaterally interpreted as synchronous with the Langobard immigration, and it might rather be regarded as a trace of an ethnic relict still extant from the Hunnián period. Summary 1. The analysis of the anthropological finds shows a considerable complexity in the ethnic composition of the group allowing study of the early Medieval population in Hegykő. 2. The predominance of the protoeuropoide and mediterranean characteristics can probably be connected with the aboriginal population of the La-Tène perriod in the Transdanubium, accrued by mainly German ethnic elements during the Great Migration. The protoeuropoide features might partly be responsible for this immigrating group. 3. Since the Langobards stayed probably no more than for half a century in the Transdanubium, a lasting biological symbiosis of the German immigrants of Hegykő and the autochthonous population seems to be precluded. The Hegykő finds might, however, contribute to our anthropological knowledge of also the Langobards. 4. The assessment of the early Medieval group of finds from Hegykő cannot be held complete, demanding the future analysis of osteological series from especially the La-Tène and Roman periods. 35 Természettudományi Múzeum Évk. 1964. —