Szekessy Vilmos (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 55. (Budapest 1963)

Tóth, T.: Some problems in the anthropology of Conquering Hungarians

T. TÓTH profile analysis. This small amount of material bids special prudence, but does not alter the historical value of the Tiszanána findings. On the basis of the morphometric data (Table 1), it can be established that the Tiszanána finds generally show an expressed agreement, or strong similarity, with the Europoid mean. On the other hand, the facial profiles of the male and female skulls differ to a certain degree, namely the data of the female skulls, especially as regards the zygomaxillary and nasal angles, approach to some extent the Mongoloid mean. At the same time, one also has to take into consideration the fact that the nasal spine angle could be determined on two female skulls only. This value (25,0°) falls between the means of the Eurasian great-races, yet, owing to the small number of the finds, it should be considered rather as a manifestation of variability than a racial character. The combined data of the six male skulls entirely agree with the Europoid mean. However, in the case of the four female skulls, the value of the lower (zygomaxillary) angle of the facial profile (128,5°; Table 1) would lead to the presumption of a Mongol­oid influence, but this cannot be held significant in the entirety of characters reflecting Europoidity. The Tiszanána findings, as regards the morphometric data of the facial profile, show strong resemblance (Table 2,3) to the latter one of the Ilona Street (Üllő) and Eger findings, recently examined by us (1958). Of course, the Europoid components represent the overwhelming majority also in the assemblage of the Ilona Street finds. The significance of the Tiszanána finds is further augmented by the fact that, concerning the fundamental facial-flatness data, they correspond rather closely with the Kamenka ones of the Zhaporozie area (KONDUKTOROVA,1957), and the Bolgarü findings of the CentralVolga(TROFIMOVA. 1956) (Tables 2,3). Since these two latter materials are also highly similar, it is readily understandable that KONDVKTOROVA (1957) assumes the ethnic parallelity of the Kamenka finds with the Bulgarians. It is worthy of note that the Tiszanána finds are similar to the above cited home and foreign ones not only with regard to the fundamental morpho­metric data, but also in the results of their biométrie analysis. The general mean index of the Tiszanána finds is 14,8, that of the Eger ones 13,3, of the Ilona Street 4,0, of the Kamenka 18,4, and of the Bolgarü 14,1. These values are the numerical expressions of the strongly profilized facial characterising of Europoids. We liave already stressed the point (1958. 1961) that, in the segregation accord­Table I. Face profile data of the skull remains found in Tiszanána (graves from the Conquest period) Sexes Characteristics 2 (corr.) (corr.) 77. Nasomalar angle 110,1 (6) 110,8 (4) 140,8 (4) 140,4 (10) Zygomaxillary angle . . 123,9 (6) 128,5 (4) 128,5 (4) 125,7 (10) DC. Dacryal chord 20,8 (6) 21,4 (4) 22,6 (4) 21,5 (10) DS. Dacryal subtens 11,9 (C) 11,0 (4) 12,2 (4) 12,0 (10) SC. Simotical chord 9,3 (6) 9,1 (4) 9,1 (4) 9,2 (10) SS. Simotical subtens 4,9 (6) 5,4 (4) 5,3 (4) 5,0 (10) 75/1. Nasalspine angle (with 30,0 (6) 25,0 (2) 29,0 (2) 29,7 (8) 1 n-pr.)

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