Szekessy Vilmos (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 55. (Budapest 1963)

Topál, Gy.: The bats of a Lower Pleistocene site from Mt. Kövesvárad near Répáshuta, Hungary

152 gy. top

ai. skulls whose tooth corresponds both as to shape and size with the fossil one. If there had existed any difference at all against the recent species, a single canine tooth is not sufficient to decide the question. It seems, however, that there is no difference. From the Lower Pleistocene of the Carpathian Basin, this is the first remain found of the species. Barbastella cf. leueomelas CRETZSCHMAR A single upper left C. Length of the cross-section of the tooth 1,04 mm, its width 0,72 mm. The strikingly strong rib dividing the inner surface of the tooth is characteristic of the genus Barbastella. The tooth itself is more robust than that of B. barbastellus: the cross-section of its crown is more elongated in a frontal and posterior direction, and also more flattened laterally. The remain shows the features of the recent B. leueomelas of an Eastern range, but it is hardly sufficient for a more detailed study. Pleootus auritus L. A slightly deformed rostrum with right P

4

—M

3 and left C

—

M

3 (P- absent); right upper C fragment, P

4 2 exemplars (one of them larger), a defective M-; left maxillary fragment with M

2

—M

3, upper C broken, P

4 in fragment of maxilla, M

1 (larger), M

2 (larger). Right mandible and mandible-fragment with M

4 (larger), with 1

3—M

3 (P

3 absent), P

4 (larger), separate M

l

5 M

2; left mandible and mandibular fragment with C

—M

3, P

4

—M

3 (larger), separate lower C 2 ex. Proximal portion of right humerus 2 ex., distal portion of radius, distal portion of femur, proximal portion of tibia, fragmentary scapula, scapular fragment of clavicula; diaphysis of left humerus, distal portion of humerus, clavicula, cochlea. A total of 31 diverse remains representing at least 4 specimens. Length of C

—M

3 5,3 mm, M

1—

M

3 3,2 mm, P

4

—M

3 4,1 mm, width of rostrum measured along exterior margin of M

3

—M

3 6,1 mm, same on exterior margin of C

—C 3,7 mm, C

—M

3 5,75—5,80 mm, —

M

3 3,7—3,8 mm, length of cross-section of upper C 0,96—1,04 mm, width of upper C 0,88—1,08 mm, length of crosssection of lower C0,78 mm, width of lower C 0,80 mm, length of P

4 0,68—0,82 mm, width of P

4 0,56—0,72 mm, length of M

t 1,34—1,48 mm. The majority of the maxillary teeth and the rostrum as well as the mandibles and most of the lower teeth agree in all particulars with the recent P. auritus. However, the larger sizes of the upper and lower teeth found in the material necessitated a comparison with P. austriacus. There occur among the smallest P. austriacus teeth with measurements attained by some fossil teeth, indeed, even greater ones, e. g. the length of the upper molars. As against P. austriacus, the fossil upper M

1

—M

2 molars are, aside of the equal length, also wider. The trigonids of the lower M

2 and M

2 molars are narrower than the talonids. The upper M

3 is strikingly longer, conforming completely with that of P. auritus. The talonid of M

3 is wide on every fossil tooth. The anterio-interior cingular apex of the upper P

4 is present. Examining 25 recent P. auritus, I found seven specimens in whose mandibles the size of P

4 agreed with the larger P

4 teeth in the fossil material. Some other features, referring to P. auritus, are that the alveoli of P

2 and P

3 are, also in jaws belonging to larger sized animals, approximately of the same size, nor is the alveolus of the canine especially large. All these features combine to prove that the material refers to a single species, namely P. auritus. P. crassidens as described by KORMOS (3) differs well from P. austriacus, and P. auritus, and does not correspond with any of the Kovesvárad specimens.