Szekessy Vilmos (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 54. (Budapest 1962)

Rásky, K.: Tertiary plant remains from Hungary (Upper Eocene and Middle Oligocene)

fine but well discernible reticulation dividing areas of tertiary veins into small quadrangular spaces. Texture firm. Materials: 1 leaf, impression with counterpart. Remarks : The leaf fragments from Óbuda are wholly identical with the leaves described by MACGINITIE as Actinidia ovata (MACGINITIE, 1937, p. 147, Pt. 13, figs. 2—3) from the lower Oligocène beds of California (We a ver ville, Hay Fork). MACGINITIE found that the leaf remains are similar to a certain degree to the fossil finds relegated to the genera Viburnum and Tilia, but are also considerably different. It was NATHORST who first described a leaf remnant as Actinidiophyllum sp. from the Tertiary of Japan (NATHORST, 1888, p. 228, PI. 10, fig. 12). Seeds known as Actinidia crassisperma CHANDLER were found in the Upper Eocene flora in Hordle, England (CHANDLER, 1925). Other fruits, known as Carpolithus actinidiformis CHANDLER (1926, p. 143, Pt. 9, fig. 17) came to light from the Middle Oligocène flora of Bembridge, and as Actinidia faveolata REID from the Middle Pliocene flora in Tegelen and the Mio-Pliocene of Pont de-Gail. SAPORTA published (1867, p. 60, Pt. 4, figs. 2—3) two leaves by the name Alnus sporadum (non UNGER) from the Stampien of Bois d'Asson, but these cannot be associated with either the leaf of Alnus sporadum UNG., first described by UNGER (1867, p. 47, Taf. 3, Fig. 8) from the Lower Miocene flora of Kumi (Euboia), or with that of Alnus cycladum UNG., of a small lamina and dense, sharp teeth. Of the leaves published by SAPORTA from Southern France, those shown on Pt. 4, figs. 2—3 are remarkably similar to the leaves described by MACGINITIE from California and those of Actinidiophyllum ovatum from the Upper Eocene Buda marl. NATHORST created the genus Actinidiophyllum in 1888 (p. 228) for the leaf find described without a specific name from the Tertiary flora of Japan. SAPORTA'S above two leaves and the ones found in the Buda marl can be identified with MACGINITIE'S leaf from California, under the name Actinidiophyllum ovatum. Comparison with recent species: MACGINITIE compared the leaf described as Actinidia ovata to the leaves of the recent Actinidia lanata HEMSL. The Californian as well as the Southern French and Óbuda leaves are still more similar to those of the recent species Actinidia lati folia (GARD. & CHAMP) MERR. of Malaya and Actinidia miquelii KING of Sumatra. KING mentions a minutely glandular dentation on the leaves of Actinidia miquelii (p. 145), well discernible also on the fossil ones. The recent species of the genus Actinidia are either shrubs or lianas, abundant on the rich and w^et soils in the valleys of the rivers of SE Asia (Himalaya, Japan, Malaya). FLACOURTIACEAE Scolopiaephyllum protoluzonensc (RÁSKY) RÁSKY (Plate V, Figs. 1-2) 1959. Scolopia protoluzonensis RÁSKY — RÁSKY, J. Paleont. vol. 33, p. 457, PI. 70, Fig. 9. Diagnosis gen. et sp. : Leaves ovate-lanceolate. Lamina gradually elongated basally and apically. Measurable length of leaf 7,0 cm, greatest width 2,2 cm. No remains of petiole on impressions. Margin of leaf bluntly dentate. Teeth crenate-serrate, at irregular distances. Midrib comparatively thick, attenuating apically. Rasal secondary pair of veins, originating from midrib, directed upwards. Three other pairs of laterals. Secondaries emitted alternating from midrib, at distances of 1,5 cm, camptodrome. Beside basal secondaries, also a thinner pair of veins present, emitting smaller ones of a camptodrome type to border on secondaries from margin of leaf. Of these smaller arches, veins extend into teeth. Tertiaries creating a venation of great interstices, filled wdth smallmeshed reticulation. Leaves coriaceous.