Szekessy Vilmos (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 53. (Budapest 1961)

Móczár, L.: The distribution of wild bees in the lucerne fields of Hungary (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

Com. Békés), Andrena ovatula in 4 areas (Com. Fejér, Kiskunság, Nagykunság Com. Békés), Eucera clypeata in 3 areas (Kiskunság, Com. Békés), Bombus lapidarius and B. terrestris in 2 areas (Hanság and Hajdúság), Halictus eurygnathus in 2 areas (Corns. Csongrád and Békés), and the following species in one area each : Eucera cinerea (Somogy), Halictus maculatus (Com. Baranva), Andrena flavipes (Nagykunság), Eucera nitidiventris (Com. Békés), Halictus rubicundus (Com. Békés). If we but study the occurrences of the dominant and subdominant species constituting the stock of the lucerne visiting wild bees, we get the following distribution. Eucera clypeata was found in 10 lucerne fields (Hanság, Baranya, and Csongrád being the sole exceptions) ; Andrena ovatula in 6 (Com. Fejér, Kiskunság, Nagykunság, Hajdúság, and Com. Békés) ; Bombus lapidarius in 2, and characteristically in areas adjacent to mountainous territories (Hanság, Hajdúság) ; Halictus eurygnathus (Csongrád, Békés), JB. terrestris (Hanság, Hajdúság), Melitturga clavicornis (Corns. Baranya, Csongrád) also in 2, and finally, Eucera cinerea (Com. Somogy), Halictus maculatus (Com. Baranya), Andrena flavipes (Nagykunság), Eucera nitidiventris (Com. Békés), and Halictus rubicundus (Com. Békés) in one lucerne field each. In spite of the fact that weather conditions have been dissimilar, the investigations made in the three years closed with a striking uniform result. In most localities, the majority of the wild bee stocks were formed by the following dominant species : Melitta leporina, Eucera clypeata and Andrena ovatula. The dominant and subdominant species played their roles alternatively, with but small differences, in the years under discussion. By the various areas, the stock-building species had the following occurrences : In the western part of Hungary, the Hanság, the dominant species was Melitta leporina in both years. In 1955, the subdominants were Andrena ovatula and a rarer species, Eucera pollinosa, while, in 1956, the two Bombus species (lapidarius 4nd terrestris). In the northern part of the Transdanubium, in Com. Fejér, the dominant was Eucera clypeata in all three years. The subdominant, in the first year, was Halictus eurygnathus, and in the second and third, Melitta leporina and Andrena ovatula. In Com. Somogy, the dominant through two years was Melitta leporina, and in the third one, Eucera clypeata. The subdominants were Eucera cinerea, Melitta leporina, Andrena ovatula and Megachile centuncularis. In Com. Baranya, the dominancy alternated between Halictus maculatus, Melitturga clavicornis and Melitta leporina. The subdominant was, during two years, Melitta leporina, with Halictus leucozonius, Andrena ovatula, Eucera pollinosa and Melitturga clavicornis playing the role of the subdominants for one year, respectively. In the Kiskunság, Eucera clypeata dominated for two years, superseded by Melitta leporina in the third. The subdominant species were, for two years. Melitta leporina and Andrena ovatula, with Eucera nitidiventris coming to the fore in the third. In the southern part of the Great Plains between the Danube and the Tisza (Com. Csongrád), the two years of the investigations yielded identical results, namely, Melitturga clavicornis dominated, in accordance with the southern situation of the territory. Its subdominant species were probably Melitta leporina