Boros István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 52. (Budapest 1960)

Agócsy, P. ; Pócs, T.: Data to the mollusk fauna of Hungary

their individual numbers are low, but the species most interesting. So, there occur on the rocks of the Kőkapu, Cochlodina parreyssi and C. orthostoma, Laciniaria turgida, Ruthenica filograna, together with other Clausilids. We experienced an interesting phenomenon on the hill of the Castle of Füzér (füzéri vár), lying in the NE. On the lower part of the mountain, there is a shadowy forest on the rocks, with deep, umbrous crevices in the cliffs. In similar habitats in limestone mountains, snails live in very high individual numbers. It seems, however, that the decomposed material poor in lime of the andesitic rocks fails to create favourable life conditions for the snails. The most frequent was Ruthenica filograna, of a NE and Pontic range, very rare elsewhere. Approaching the top of the hill, the snails became more frequent on the sunny cliffs. In all likelihood, this is the result of erosion and humification enacted in drier and warmer conditions : the amount of lime increases in the soil. Finally, there are one or two species of very high individual numbers among the stones of the castle, due to a far-reaching seepage of the mortar used during its construction. Papers, based on the data of the old collection, list 10 species from the vicinity of Jósvafő. There were probably more species, but the literature mentioned only the more interesting ones. Our own collectings have shown 24 species from the immediate neighbourhood of Jósvafő. Among the typically xerothermous animals preferring karstic habitats, such as Chondrina clienta, Zebrina detrita, and Helicella obvia, there occurred many hygrophilous species too. These are characteristical of mainly gorge-forests, e. g. Cochlodina parreyssi, Isognomostoma i so gnomo stoma, and Daudebardia fallax. Mt. Szádvár, near the village Szögliget, is also on the Karst of Torna. A few kilometres from here, the botanically and zoologocally famous vallev of Szádelő lies already over the Czechoslovakian border. This is the lowest-lying collecting locality of Alopia bielzii, completely isolated from its area in Transylvania. We hoped to discover Alopia bielzii also in the present territory of Hungary. Though we have collected many interesting snails on the cliffs of the Szádvár, we failed to find Alopia. In one of the springs of the Ménesvölgy below the mountain, we captured Sadleriana pannonica. Numerous Clausilia species live on the cliffs and in the litter of the mountain. Noteworthlv are Cochlodina parreyssi and Laciniaria turgida. Apart from the material collected by us in the Mts. Bükk, I. Vásárhelyi brought together a large collection, surrendering it to the Museum in its entirety. As a result of his endeavours, the Mts. Bükk may be regarded as one of the best known areas of the country. The mollusk fauna of the Mts. Bükk is represented in our collection by a material of 96 species. Some of them are famous endemisms. Two of the species deserve especial mention. By the collectings of Vásárhelyi, the Museum acquired several thousands of Laciniaria turgida, thought to be very rare up to this time. Also, we have now 35 specimens of the similarly rare Spelaeodiscus triadis of hidden habits, from the Mts. Bükk. In the course of our own collectings around Szilvásvárad, we found many specimens of Spelaeodiscus triadis, together with an immense amount of Helicigona faustina, in the accumulated litter at the feet of the cliffs on the northern side of the Szalajka stream. Then we came across very large (11 mm) Cochlicopa lubrica specimens on the ground of the reeds in the moist valley of the stream. According to the recent literature, C. lubrica must be split into two species : C. lubrica, to be found in wet localities, and C. lubricella of a smaller size, living in dry grasses on mountainous slopes.