Boros István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 51. (Budapest 1959)

Kaszanitzky, F.: Genetic relation of ore occurrence in the Western Mátra Mountains, North Eastern Hungary

ANNALES HISTORTCO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Tomus 51. 1959. Genetic relations of ore occurrence in the Western Mátra Mountains, North Eastern Hungary By F. KASZANITZKY, Budapest Geological research and mining in the Gyöngyösoroszi ore district (Western Mátra Mountains, North East Hungary) date back to the middle of the past century. The first to mention it in literature was A. V. V a s s in 1854. The firs tcomprebensive treatment of the area, putting down the results of prospecting and disclosure up to the years 1938, was given by P. Roz1 o z s n i k. The geology of the area was described in detail by J. N o s z k y, sen. (1927). B. M a u r i t z wrote a monography on the microscopical investigation results on the volcanics of the area (1910). The first description of the ore formation, as based upon ore microscopy, is due toK. Sztrókay (1939). The sequence of origin of the ore minerals for the entire area was given by S. Koch (1954). The differentiation bistory of the host rock and its relation to ore genesis was studied by G. Panto (1952, 1953). Large-scale ore geological research and disclosure by mining was commenced in 1949 and was kept up up to this day. It has led to the discovery of a number of previously unknown veins and now the ore-bearing rock is known to have a vertical extension sometimes exceeding 300 metres. In the knowledge of the data of the numerous disclosures it has become possible to attempt a description of the genetic interrelations of the individual veins and of the genesis of the ore formation in general. The geography of the ore locality The ore deposit of the Western Mátra Mountains is situated in the area of the valleys running southward from the main crest of the Mátra Mountains, formed by Mátrabérc, Agasvár, and Galyatető peaks. The area bordered towards the north by the named crest, towards the west by the Világos-hill — Tóthegyes line, towards the south by the Világos-hill — Asztagkő line and towards the east by the line Asztagkő—Galyatető, has an extension of about 50 sq. kilometres. The center of the area is at the same time the mass center of the ore deposit. The area slopes towards the south, in the north the average height above sea level is 750 to 800 metres, while the average height of the valley bottoms in the south is 320 metres. The geological build of the ore locality The area of the ore deposit of the Western Mátra Mountains is covered by the Miocene or, more exactly, Tortonian pyroxene andésite constituting the bulk of the Mátra Mountains. The stratovolcanoes (Vesuvius-type volcanoes) formed by it are made up of rock bodies of variegated shape, ranging from lava flows of large extension to lava bodies of some metres diameter. The volume