Boros István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 8. (Budapest 1957)

Thoma, A.: Szabolcs község embertani vázlata

Irodalom: 1. B a r t u c z, L. : A magyar ember (Budapest, 1938. pp. 509). — 2. Fisher, R. A.: Statistical Methods for Research Workers (London, 1951. pp. 310) — 3. H o w e 11 s, W. W. : Some Uses of the Standard Deviation in Anthropometry (Hum. Biol. 8 1936. p. 592—600) —. 4. M a 1 á n, M. : Az élő magyarság embertani kutatása (Budapest, 1949. pp. 36) — 5. Már t o n, B. : A Nyírség helységei (Debrecen, 1929. pp. 86) — 6. M a r t i n, R. : Lehrbuch der Anthropologie (II. Aufl. Jena, 1928. pp. 950) — 7. N e m e sk é r i, J. : A szabolcsi ember (Kny. é. n.) — 8. N e m e s k é r i, J. : Ivád község népének embertani vizsgálata (MTA Biol. Oszt. Közi. 2. 1953. p. 200—238) — 9. S a 11 e r, K. : Leitfaden der Anthropologie (Jena, 1930. pp. 312) — 10. S t o 1 y h w o, E. : La méthode des coupes de corrélation et son rôle dans l'analyse des populations (S. A. S. Bologna. 4. 1937. p. 1—22) — 11. T r e v o r, J. C. : Some anthropological Characteristics of hybrid Populations (Eug. Rew. 30. 1938. p. 21—31) — 12. We n i n g e r, J. : Die anthropologischen Methoden der menschlichen Erbforschung (Hdb. Erbbiol. Menschen. Bd. II, Berlin, 1940. p. 1—50) Táblamagyarázat XIV. Tábla Szabolcs községi férfi típusok XV. Tábla Szabolcs községi női típusok An Anthropological Sketch of the Village Szabolcs By. A. Thoma, Miskolc The village Szabolcs lies in the northeastern part of Hungary, on the left shore of the river Tisza, about 15 kms to Tokaj. The number of its inhabitants was 803 at the time of the nvestigations The village is far from the main highways. There is a high degree of endogamy among the families of the village. Author conducted his anthropological researches, in the spring of 1953, on 203 individuals, that is, on about ± 56 per cent of the autochton ous adult population. The modal characteristics of the population are the following : a medium-small stature, medium length of head, medium-broad headbreadth, brachycephaly, medium headheight (with regard to the characterization of absolute measurements, we followed Scheidt), face decidedly broad both by the zygomatic and bigonial measurements. The main facial index is mesoprosopic, the nasal index leptorrhine. The outline of the vertex is convex, the nape medially curvioccipital, though there is to be found a definite planoccipital minority. The forehead is largely retrograde, the arcus superciliaris well developed the nasal root narrow, of a medium height, the nose straight and moderately protruding, the zygomatic arches flattened frontally, the nasal base medium broad, the lips medium thick, characterized by a definite procheily. The chin medium high, straight, pointed in the men and rounded in the women, the mandibular corner of an acute angle, the gonial area strongly developed. Eye-color mainly mixed or light, hair-color dark or intermediate. The statistical parameters of the several characters are given in the tables. In these, the numbering of the anthropometrical measurements are as follows : 1. body height, 2. head-length, 3. head-breadth, 4. ear-height of head, 5. forehead-breadth, 6. head index, 7. head height —• head length index, 8. head height —• head breadth index, 9. morphological face-height, 10. bizygomatic breadth, 11. face index, 12. nasal height, 13. nasal breadth, 14. nasal index, 15. bigonial breadth. The material was subdivided into 3 age-groups : I. 17—23 years II. 24—60 years III. 61—x years Concerning typological divisions, about % of the population is represented by the East-Baltic type, and % by the Dinarian type. These two main types have, however, been mixed up with each other in a very high degree. There are „traces" of the Turanide, Nordic, Mongoloidé, Mediterranean, Tauride and Alpine race elements — aside of the indistinguishable components. The typological distribution was checked by the „coupe de corrélation" method of S t o 1 y h w o. Supported also by the results of other observations, we would put forward the hypothèse that the main anthropological components of the whole of our Hungarian population are — similarly to that of the population examined above — a Cromagnoid-Eastern Baltic and a Dinaroid form.