Boros István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 7. (Budapest 1956)
Kovács, L.: Some data concerning the subspecific distribution of Colias chrysotheme Esp. (Lepidoptera)
yellow element is also in the backround on both specimens. A characteristical feature is the large and vividly red discal spot on the hind wings. These do not agree at all with any form known to me. Though our data are, at the present, scanty, I hold it highly probable that the nominate form of the species does not occur east of the Tisza and south of the Danube. Data concerning the subspecies living in Eastern Europe and Asia There is a considerable C. chrysotheme material from Volhynia and the Crimean in the Collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum. We have a smaller series from Zhitomir, consisting of 3 males and 9 females, whilst, from Simferopol, we have 37 males and 79 females. The color of the Zhitomir specimens resembles somewhat the Central Hungarian ones but their orange suffusion is not so vivid. Obraztsov(12) relegated the chrysotheme from Simferopol to the southern Ukrainian ssp. ksienzhopolskii, since it scarcely differs from specimens collected at the typical locality of this subspecies (Gvt. Poltava and Cherson). The authors who worked earlier with the Ukrainian chrysotheme saw the most important difference in the yellow color of the females of this subspecies as against the nominate form. With a more minute scrutiny of these specimens, it can be stated that not only do the yellow females but also the males show constant and well observable features differring from the nominate form or, indeed, from every population in the west. Themost important difference lies in the deviating size of the discal spot of the hind wings. This spot is large in the populations- to the west, and small or sometimes insignificantly tiny in ssp. ksienzhopolskii. Not only is this observable on the orange spot on the upperside of the wings but also, — and in a still higher rate — on the brownringed double silver spot on the underside of the wings. Besides, the brown ring is indistinct on the Ukrainian specimens, whilst it is sharp on the western ones. Another important feature of the Ukrainian specimens is the elongated form of the fore wings, with the apex strongly sharpened, though this is not so general as the former character. The tornus of the narrow fore wing lies more basally than the apex, its termen is sharp, running in a straight line from apex to tornus. This wing shape occurs only exceptionally among the Central European chrysotheme: the termen arching, even if in a minimal way, almost always outwards. Let us add to these differences the fact that, according to the dates on the specimens, there is no difference between the several broods. These characters may be observed, in a smaller or larger measure, also on the Zhitomir specimens, with the exception that I did not find a single female without the orange suffusion. In spite of this, I hold it indubitable that the Volhynian and Ukrainian chrysotheme originates from a common source which is but a distant relative of the Central European chrysotheme. I have found only two Siberian specimens in the collection of our Museum. One of these is a male and it comes from Krasnoyarsk, the typical locality of ssp. sibirica. The collecting locality is born on the original label of E r m o 1 aj e v. The other one is a female with the label „Ermolajev, Sibiria" without any nearer designation. There are home labels also attached to both with the inscription "Ermolaj ev, Sibiria or." The male indubitably belongs to ssp. sibirica but the marginal spots of the female are rather small, so it cannot be relegated to it on the basis of the original diagnose. The male bears a rather deep, shineless orange suffusion on the upperside of the wings, the yellow is
