Boros István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 5. (Budapest 1954)

Kolosváry, G.: On the known fossil Hydrozoa of Hungary

are known from the Upper Jurassic of Algiers-Tunis, Balatonia from the lower levels of the Hungarian Upper Triassic. Fam. : Stylasteridae Gray ; Arboriform or subflabelloid colonies with styls in gastrozoids. Genera : Stylaster Gray, from the Miocene to the Holocene ; ' Deontopora Hall and Leptobothrus Hall, from the Tertiary ; Sporadophora Moseley 1879 from the Miocene to the Holocene (styls absent in dactylospores), very abundant in species in our times ; their*revision was made by В о s с h m a. Fam.: Milleporidiidae Yabe et Sugiyama 1935* in their structure laminae (horizontal elements) and piliae (vertical elements) take part. Their --locally lax texture yield a formation called astrorhiza, »Les principaux membres de cette famille ont été longtemps classés dans celle des Stromatoporidae avec la quelle ils forment transition« (Alloiteau). — Genera : Milleporidiwn Steinmann 1903, from the Triassic to trie Eocene ; Stromatoporidium Vinassa 1915, Triassic ; Myrioporina Kühn 1939, from the Carboniferous to the Jurassic. Sphaeractinoidea. •— Structure more or less perforated, consisting of • circular and radial laminae. These latter are of a trabecular character. Colony form subglobular, zoid tubes radial. Astrorhiza reduced. Period : from the Permian to the Cretaceous. Fam.: Sphaeractinidae Waagen et Wetzel 1887; structure with radial and circular laminae. Piliae more or less regularly developed. Zoid tubes incline towards the sides of the colony. Genera : Sphaeractinia Steinmann 1878, from the Triassic to the Cretaceous ; Ellipsactinia Steinmann 1878, from the Triassic to the Upper Cretaceous; Stromactinia Vinassa 1901 (in the Triassic of the Mts. Bakony, its laminae and piliae very thick). Fam.: Heterastriidae Freeh 1890 (emend. Khün 1939); spheroid- and egg-shaped. Surface of colonies rugulous by vermiform and extruding formations. Astrorhizae present. Zoid tubes partially developed, partially absent. Genera : Heterastridium Reuss 1865, its part played in the Triassic is just as important as those of Ellipsactiniae and Spheractiniae in the Jurassic. Distributed in the Triassic. (Synonims of this genus: Stoliczkaria Duncan 1879, and Syringosphaeria Duncan 1879. Already Freeh mentioned that Stoliczkaria is identical with Heterastridium; Steinman n, however, dit not consider it as such. Oppenheim found some zoid tubes on Stoliczkaria, wherefore he a^ain united the two genera. In spite of this, Dien er, in his »Fossilium Catalogus«, separated the two genera; while К u t a s s y synonymized Stolaczkaria again, as he, too, found some zoid tubes on them. Alloiteau follows Diener and Z it t e 1, who have again separated the two genera. I, on my part, support the opinions of Frech, Oppenheim, and Kutassy, and put Stoliczkaria into synonimy again.) — Genus : Parkeria Carpentier 1870, Cenoman, Labechioidae. — Structure consisting of radial piliae and horizontal elements, the so-called »vesiculae«. These vesicles are structural elements of a convex shape, differring morphologically from the above mentioned horizontal structure elements of Hydrozoa. Families: Labechiidae Nicholson 1885, Palaeozoicum; Idiostromatidae Nicholson 1886, Silurian-Devonian ; Aulaceratidae Kühn 1927, Ordovicium. Stromatoporoidea. — Its period embraces the Cambrium to the Cretaceous. Colonies of large dimensions. Generally, they are compact, of a laminated structure. Their calcareous structure-elements are circular, the piliae irregularly