Rotarides Mihály (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 32. (Budapest 1939)
Szent-Ivány, J.: The migration of the Pieris brassicae in Hungary in the year 1937
XXXII. ANNALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI. 1939. PARS ZOOLOGICA. THE MIGRATION OF THE PIERIS BRASSICAE IN HUNGARY IN THE YEAR 1937. by J. SZENT-IVÁNY (Budapest.) (With one figure.) Among the Rhopalocera a mass migration has been observed as regards the Pyrameis cardui in the Carpathian's basin. A series of articles has been published in the „Rovartani Lapok" (See bibi. l.) 5 in which L. ABAFIAIGNER, G. ALBERTINI, S. BEZSILLA, I. BORDÁN, E. CSÍKI, E. DUDINSZKY, A. HERBST, J. KOVÁCS, J. LISKA, K. MEISZNER, Ö. MARTINYI and P. VÁGÓ give an account of the mass-appearance and migration of this species. Nearly all observations have been made in August 1903 and the migration moved in most cases in the NE —SW or E —W direction. The migration of the large white has as far as I am informed not yet been observed in the Carpathian's basin. Among the Pzcris-species the Pieris napi may be said as the most frequent in the Carpathian's basin. Then follows the Pieris rapae and only in the third place the Pieris brassicae. For years we do not observe more than a few specimens of the large white and then they appear unexpectedly in tremendous masses. It may be that they have a gradation similar to the Aporia crataegi (See bibl. 2. and 3.), but the gradation intervals may be considerably greater than with that, for during my 20 years past as a lepidopterologist I have observed its mass-appearence only twice, namely in the summer of 1922 and 1937. But it appeared by no means in 1922 in such tremendous masses as it was the case in 1937. That this mass appearance was not of local character is proved by the series of articles, which have been published in the official periodical of the International Entomological Society (Frankfurt on Main) in the autumn of 1937 by G. WENZEL (See bibl. 4.) In this essay he gives an account of observations made in Germany, Switzerland and in Sudetic German Province. In this way the mass appearance and migration of the large white has been observed in Germany by URBAHN, BANDERMANN, SICK, REITHINGER, HAJEK-HALKE, FRIEDMANN and WARNECKE, in the Sudetic country by HAASE and KRAUT, in Switzerland by HOPF.
