Czére Andrea szerk.: A Szépművészeti Múzeum közleményei 105. (Budapest, 2006)
MARIANNA DÁGI: Training the Eye: Technical Details as Clues in the Attribution of Ancient Jewellery
Tool-marks: round-shaped punch-marks with U-section (the middle of the brow-rosette); short, straight, slightly arched at side punch mark with V-section (decoration of the nape); mark of a bit angular U-sectioned chasing tool (wrinkles on the cheek and around the left eye). Condition: the earring is badly damaged flattened in several points; the sheets are cracked, torn, and melted on the surface. Towards the hoop, the sheet has split apart at one of the narrowing cuts of the ball-shaped part. The silver coloured solder (probably lead-tin solder) used for the modern repair is melted with the gold on more places and has changed its colour. The strap soldered onto the connecting element is a modern repair. Traces of filing can be seen on its surface and also on the surface of the modern solder in several places, and even HOI F on the original hoop of the earring. The tapering end of the hoop, probably a piece about 7 mm in length, is missing. Parallels: Piérides 1971, 31-32, no. 1, pi. 21 fig. 1 (unknown provenance, 400-325 BC); 32, nos. 6-7, pl. 21, figs. 6-7 (unknown provenance, 400-325 BC); Pfrommer 1990, 391, OR 495a, pi. 25, fig. 6 right (from Egypt, second half of the third-perhaps beginning of the second century BC]); OR 496 and 497, pi. 25, fig. 1 (from Tuch el-Karamus, second quarter or middle of the third century BC); OR 487, pi. 25, fig. 4 (from Egypt (?), end of the third-first half of the second century BC); OR 491, pi. 25, fig. 3 (from Egypt, third century BC); OR 495, pi. 25, fig. 6 left (from Egypt, second half of the third —perhaps beginning of the second century BC); Eubsen-Admiraal 2004, 289, no. 596; see also 288, no. 593; 289, no. 594; 290, no. 597 (from the ancient Marion, fourth-third century BC). Date: fourth-second century BC. NOTES I am very grateful to Árpád Aliklós Nagy, to professors Aliklós Szabó and János György Szilágyi for their valuable comments and suggestions. I am also thankful to Alária Tóth in the Hungarian Academy of Sciences' Institute for Geochemical Research for the possibility of using a Nikon binocular microscope combined with a Coolpix 955 digital camera for the study and documentation of the technical details. 1 On animal-head hoop earrings in general, see K. Hadaczek, Der Ohrschmuck der Griechen undEtrusker, Vienna 1903, 46-49; R. Higgins, Greek and Roman Jewellery, 2nd ed., Berkeley and Los Angeles 1980, 159-61; B. Deppert-Lippitz, Griechischer Goldschmuck, Mainz am Rhein 1985, 222, 224. On the different varieties, and about their chronology and diffusion, see Al. Pfrommer, Untersuchungen zur Chronologie früh- und hochhellenistischen Goldschmucks, Tübingen 1990, 143-96. : For a general survey of the bull's-head type, see Pfrommer 1990, 162-68. The project in which I am engaged leads me to coin new terms and use several technical terms: where
