Csornay Boldizsár - Dobos Zsuzsa - Varga Ágota - Zakariás János szerk.: A Szépművészeti Múzeum közleményei 98. (Budapest, 2003)
GYŐRY, HEDVIG: A Pataikos with Hawks on the Shoulders
after the cult-statues of these gods, it is most probable that also the Pataikos amulets had the disposal of such a model in the form of a cult-statue. 12 PATAIKOS AMULETS DURING THE THIRD INTERMEDIATE PERIOD During the Third Intermediate Period, several expanded and gradually simplified 13 variations appeared alongside this basic Pataikos type. 14 There are relatively many individual pieces, besides the many amulets that can be arranged into well-definable groups. The back pillar now only sporadically occurs, thus providing the opportunity for a plastically elaborated back side of the god. The represented crowns were supplemented with the double feather and atef crowns. Basic types were, for example, found in the tombs of the Matmar cemetery. 15 Two amulets from the Abu Rawash excavation are dated explicitly to the 22nd Dynasty. These complex figures are modelled with a narrow collar and with a flat scarab on top of the head. 16 Unprovenienced examples of the type are known in many collections world-wide, e.g. in Budapest and Florence. 17 A distinct variation of the basic type is given by the complex Pataikos in which the presence of the crocodiles is stressed. 18 The opposite development also occurs, for in some cases the crocodiles disappeared from below the god, and the snakes hanging from the mouth likewise vanished 19 - occasionally just the unlevelled surface of the base and the moustache-like elevations next to the mouth hint at the earlier 12 Cult-statues of the dwarf god are mentioned much later by Herodotus (III, 37) in the Ptah temple in Memphis, where they seem to represent the ordinary type. The dwarf god possibly had an independent priesthood in Sais: Daressy, G., RT 14 (1893) 182; Spiegelberg, W., Neue Schenkungsstelen über Landstiftungen an Tempeln, ZÁS 56 (1920) 59-60, pl. VI; Meeks. D.. Les donations aux temples dans l'Egypte du 1er millénaire avant J.-C., in State and Temple Economy in the Ancient Near East II (ed. Lipinski, E.), Louvain 1979, p. 674, no. 26.0.6: el-Sayed, R., Deux aspects nouveaux du culte a Sais, BIFAO 76 (1976) 91-100, pl. XVIb. Also, if several gods, like e.g. Bastet (Naville. É., The Festival-Hall ofOsorkon II in the great temple of'Bubastis (1887-1889), London 1892, pl. XX), had dwarfs in their staff, then even in the cults of these gods, one or several cult statues for the dwarf god were possibly present. These were probably different from those in Memphis. 13 E.g. Brunton, G., Matmar, London 1948, pl. LVIII, no. 41 ; Andrews, C, Amulets of Ancient Egypt, London 1994, p. 39, fig. 36b. For black patches on certain statuettes, possibly imitiating animal coat, see Bülte, J., Fragments de figurines en 'faience' à pois découvertes à Tanis, Cahier de Tanis 1(1987) 163169. 14 The Pataikos amulets of the 25th Dynasty found in Meroe are worthy of a separate study. Their varied typology runs parallel to the general Egyptian development and shows not only local stylistic deviations but also many iconographical complementary elements with Nubian roots. 15 Brunton, op.cit. (n. 13) pi. LVIII, nos. 37, 38. Tombs 735, 1227, 1246. 16 Bisson de la Roque, F., Abu Roasch, Cairo 1924, pl. 2. 17 Győry, H., To the interpretation of Pataikos standing on crocodiles, BullMusHongr 94 (2001 ) 2740, 129-140 - also for the Pataikos in Florence. 18 Brunton, op.cit. (n. 13). pi. 58, nos. 39, 41;. Pétrie, W.M. FL, Illahun. Kahun and Gurob: 18891890, London 1891 (henceforth abbreviated Illahun. Kahun and Gurob), pi. 29. no. 43. 19 E.g. Brunton, op.cit. (n. 13) pi. LVIII, no. 40.
