Hedvig Győry: Mélanges offerts a Edith Varga „Le lotus qui sort de terre” (Bulletin du Musée Hongrois des Beaux-Arts Supplément 1. Budapest, 2001)

ANDREY O. BOLSHAKOV: Osiris in the Forth Dynasty Again? The false door of 'Intj, MFA 31.781

attention to more traditional (and undoubtedly easier) analysis. The fact that the Fourth Dynasty Giza with its tendency towards gigantism and mass construction of tombs had been a realm of préfabrication seems to distract Manuelian and to influence his conclusions too much. In substance, only several words are devoted to the dating,

15 which is quite insufficient for a monument discovered without a certain archaeological context. As for the record of Osiris, it is also too far from the main subject of the paper and, thus, it is treated in an offhand manner.

16 Our task is polar to Manuelian's, and we should try to date the false door basing on as many criteria as possible. Our opportunities are greatly hindered by the fact that its original provenance remains obscure (it was found in the debris at street G 7700 and, thus, cannot be linked to a definite tomb), important information that could be obtained from the analysis of the archaeological complex being entirely lost, and we must restrict ourselves with more specific criteria concerning it as an isolated artefact. /. Typology of the false door 1. The false door of Jntj has two pairs of jambs, each bearing a single col umn of hieroglyphs. This type ("Giza door" after Strudwick) is not earlier than the middle Fifth Dynasty,

17 while under the Fourth and the first half of the Fifth Dynasty, false doors usually had one pair of jambs at Giza.

18 2. The false door of Jntj has no torus and cavetto cornice. These features appeared in the middle Fifth Dynasty as a sign of high status of the owner and became common in the Sixth Dynasty, although coexisting with the older type.

19 Thus, their absence means little for dating, the more so that in the case of préfabrication the status of the owner to be could not be taken into account by the master when manufacturing the monument. 3. The representation and inscriptions of Jntj are carved in raised relief The tendency towards replacing it with sunk relief started from Niuserra and superseded the older tradition by the end of the Fifth Dynasty.

20 15 Manuelian, op. cit. (note 7), p. 117, 119. '' Manuelian, op. cit. (note 7), p. 119. 17 N. Strudwick, The Administration of Egypt in the Old Kingdom. The Highest Titles and their Holders, London 1985, p. 51. 18 Strudwick, op. cit. (note 17), p. 44. " S. Wiebach, Das Ägyptische Scheintür, Hamburg 1981, pp. 133-135; Strudwick, op. cit (note 17), p. 15. :o Strudwick, op. cit. (note 17), pp. 24, 36.