Balassa M. Iván, Cseri Miklós szerk.: Népi építészet Erdélyben - Az 1999. március 21-27-én Tusnádon megrendezett konferencia anyaga (Szentendre: Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, 1999)

Balassa M. Iván: Erdély népi építészete (Tudománytörténeti bevezető)

Transylvanian Vernacular Architecture (Introduction to the Research-history) IVÁN BALASSA M. At the end of the 19th century the research of the Transylvanian vernacular architecture was staved, when two tendencies co-existed. József HUSZKA analysed and compared the ornaments of the buildings, opening large - later proven false - perspectives, finding Far East analogies for Székely dwelling houses ( 1895). The another trend was represented by János JANKÓ. He surveyed and investigated the peasant buildings at the site, starting his work in Kalotaszeg (Cälata) Region, Torockó (Rimetea) and the Western Charphatians in 1892. His conclusions were only morphological. The main interest of the Hungarian vernacular architecture-research was concentrated on Transylvania in the following several decades. Ethnographs: Zsigmond BÁTKY, István GYÖRFFY, Károly VISKI and architects: first of all Károly Kós and the Transylvanian young architects made sitesurveys from the Székely Land (Eastern border) to the Partium (Western border of Transylvania). After the First World War, the changing situation was not prosperous to scientific researches neither in Hungary nor in Romania. Only a few studies were published, most of them in Hungary. The evolution of the scientific research activity was slowed down by the lack of specialists after the Second World War. Experts continued the vernacular architecture researches of Dr. Károly Kós only from the beginning of the seventies. Another setback began after the 70s. The intense regression was only partially balanced by a survey-programme started that time. Unfortunately the survey-material has not been published yet, and its conclusions have not been proved. Hopefully the Tusnad '99 meeting will start a new upswing. The Transylvanian vernacular architecture inventory and survey programme could serve as a good base for the development. Arhitectura vernacularä din Transilvania (lntroducere în istoria cercetärilor) IVÁN BALASSA M. Primele cercetäri ale arhitecturii vernaculare din Transilvania întreprinse la sfârsitul secolului al XlX-lea prezintä doua tendinte. József HUSZKA prin studiul comparativ al elementelor ornamentale, defineste casa secuiascä din perspectiva - doveditä a fi falsa - Orientului Mijlociu ( 189s). János JANKÓ însa se remarcä prin iuvestigarea clädirilor täräne§ti la fata locului; din 1892 a efectuat relevée in regiunea Cälata (Kalotaszeg), la Rimetea (Torockó), în Muntii Apuseni, rezumându-se doar la concluzii morfologice. în deceniile utmätoare cercetarea patrimoniului vernacular transilvänean s-a efectuat de cätre etnografi ca Zsigmond BÁTKY, István GYÖRFFY, Károly VISKI, Ímpreuná cu generatia „tinerilor arhitecii" îndrumati de Károly Kós, parcurgánd zonele etnografice din secuime paná ín Parti. Schimbátile surveníte în urma încheierii primului râzboi mondial nu au stimulât munca de cercetare, au apärut doar câteva lucrári de specialitate în Ungaria, iar în Romania mult mai putine ca numâr. Dupä cel de al doilea râzboi mondial lipsa specialistilor în domeniu a împiedicat dezvoltarea cercetärilor, Dr. Károly Kós abia în anii 70 sj-a gâsit colaboratori în studierea arhitecturii populäre. A urmat apoi un regres, contracarat partial de actiunea de relevare demaratâ oficial, a carei material nu s-a publicat nici pana astäzi, iar concluziile sale nu fac fatä cerintelor stiintifice actuale. Se doreste ca Simpozionul de la Tusnad-Bäi, edittia 1999, sä dea avant cercetärilor stiintifice, iar programul de inventariere si relevare preconizat poate constitui un prim pas în acest sens.