Cseri Miklós, Füzes Endre (szerk.): Ház és ember, A Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum évkönyve 12. (Szentendre, Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, 1998)

SABJÁN TIBOR: Egy lakóház bontása a Szentendrei-szigeten

Tibor Sabján DISMANTLING OF A DWELLING HOUSE ON THE SZENTENDRE ISLAND In his study, the author works out in detail the experiences gained during the dismantling of a dwelling house. The building stood on the Szentendre Island in the Danube bend, in that part of today's Tahitótfalu (earlier Tótfalu), which is situated on the island (picture 1). The engraved words on the front and on the roof indicate 1895 as year of the construction, it is however possible that the house has been only renovated in that year because a map dating back to 1887 shows a building of the same size on the same spot (picture 9). At the time of dismantling the structure of the house was different from the original construction. Originally, the house had a ground plan with a room-kitchen-room division and a porch running along the living quarters. The rooms were heated with tile stoves fed from the kitchen, their mouth being near the fire ledges. On the ledge adjoining the wall of the first room stood a cauldron (picture 11). The outshot bread-baking oven breaks through the middle of the back wall of the kitchen. Broken tiles and household pottery were placed under the oven for insulation purpose (picture 7). The back of the kitchen was roofed by a brick-walled open chimney (picture 10, 3). This heating system was changed at the beginning of the 20th century: the tile ovens and the outshot bread-baking oven were broken down and replaced by two bread-baking ovens, which breaking through the kitchen walls, stood in the rooms. Here, cooking ranges completed them. The smoke came back to the kitchen through the opening of the ovens to be led through a pipe in the wall to the open chimney above man's height (picture 3, A). The back room was divided by a thin wall and a pantry was created as well (picture 10, 2). The author describes in detail and analyses the revealed clues leading to above conclusions (pictures 2-8). Results of ethnographic collections support the observations during the dismantling process and the type of the house on the Szentendre Island can be included in the system of the Hungarian vernacular architecture. Subsequently, the house belongs to the spreading area of the dwelling house of the Great Hungarian Plain, however with divergent characteristics. Similar buildings can be found eastwards in the Börzsöny mountains, and farther, in the Western part of the Kisalföld.