Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts / Orvostörténeti Közlemények – Supplementum 18-19. (Budapest, 2000)

Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts - Guide to the Exhibition

(1817-1888), Minister of Educational Affairs, the surgical school of Kolozsvár was developed into a medical faculty (1872). The former department of the so called 'state medicine' at the Faculty of Medicine of Pest University was divided into two new institutions, the department of forensic medicine and that of public health. The first professor of public health was József Fodor (1843-1901) who disproved Pettenkoffer's false soil theory and won international reputation. At his initiative there were a row of posts created in each public school for doctors and teachers of public health. Ernő Jendrassik (1858-1921) was an excellent representative of internal međiç¡nç and neurology. From 1893 he was professor at the university of Pest. His book Szervi szívbajok kórtana és orvoslása (Pathology and Therapy of Organic Heart Diseases) was written in 1891. Countess Vilma Hugonnay (1847-1922) was the first Hungarian female doctor. She was graduated at Zürich and had her diploma nostrificatcd in Hungary in 1897. She wrote her thesis on obstetrics and the training of midwifes. She was one of the leaders of the Hungarian suffragette movement which started at that time, and wrote exhaustively in support of female education. Vilmos Tauffer (1851-1934) was professor of the Second Obstetrical and Gynaecological Clinic between 1881 and 1918. He was the first to perform stitching of a cut ureter. He had great achievements in the introduction of up-to-date obstetrical and gynaecological operations in Hungary. He took efforts also to reform midwife training and introduce obstetrical registration. Endre Högÿes (1847-1906) was one of the most excellent physician scientists in Hungary. First, he had been professor of patho-physiology at the University of Kolozsvár (today Cluj, Romania) in 1875 and from 1883 until his death he was professor at the Medical Faculty of Budapest. Among his manifold activities was his modification of Pasteur's immunization against rabies. He was also the first to start bacteorological researches in Hungary. Moreover, he had an important role in establishing the Hungarian Pasteur Institute. In his three volume work Az associált szemmozgások idegmechanizmusáról (On the nerve mechanism of associated eyemovements), written between 1881 and 1885, he was the first to describe 'the rejlex arc of equilibrium sense and its reaction to electric impulse and rotation.'' Baron Sándor Korányi (1866-1944) followed his father's example and became an excellent internist. From 1908 he had been professor of internal medicine and was considered and internationally reputed as the founder of modern pathology and the physiology of kidneys. On the basis of the reduction of the freezing-point of blood and urine he was first to find a satisfactory method to register the functions of kidneys. His urometrical method, has been still used, though in a slightly modified form. He also had a contribution in describing the essence of renal insufficiency and thus he became one of the founders of functional pathology. His merits as a teacher were also remarkable, teaching generations of students he created a significant school. Károly Than (1834-1908) was an internationally recognized professor in chemistry. From 1862 he was professor of the Chemical Department at the University of 77