Claudius F. Mayer: From Plato to Pope Paul / Orvostörténeti Közlemények – Supplementum 17. (Budapest, 1989)

GE (1. c. footn. 103, 362) writes in the same sense: ".. .Les tentatives faites en Amérique pour tirer un parti quelconque de çette çlasse d'individus sont restes infructueuses. Io n'y a qu'ä s'arranger pour les laisser vivre au moindre dommage de la société et ä prendre des mesures pour qu'ils n'aient point de postérité. Ce sont des sauvages qu'avec un peu de soin la civilisation poųrra finir d'éliminer." 439 Cf. BOUDIN (1863): Ann. hyg. pub., 2. ser., 20: 81: "II est permis d'attribuer l'accroissement de la taille en France ä ce que, sous la influence de la cessation des grandes guerres de la République et du premier empire, les hommes de haute taille ont pu prendre une part plus active ä la procreation des enfants.

.." 439a SCHNID-MONNARD (1891): Ueber den Einfluss des Militärdienstes, c. Verh. Vers. ges. Kinderĥ., (1892) IX: 55-79. 440 Cf. KELLOGG, 1. c. footn. 428. 441 "Those who depend upon environment are resting on a broken reed." Cf. BARR lc. footn. 423, 639. 442 BARR, Ibid., 634. 443 See footn. 264 and 364 in this study. 444 E. g. PARACELSUS

: Concerning the Nature of Things, Bk. I. 445 Numerous legends exist on birth of heroes from stone which was besprinkled with human semen. Cf. LÖWIS of MENAR (1910): Nordkaukasische Steingeburtssagen. Arch. Religionswise., 13: p. 509-24. Recall also the golem stories. 446 Cf. EVANS 1. c. footn. 43, 105, listing conditions which may affect the quality of conception. —James GRAHAM, at the end of the XVIII. ct., opened a "Temple of Health and Hymen" in London, lectured on the generation, increase, and improvement of human species. His main attraction was the Grand Celectial Patagonian Bed that was supposed to make a sterile lady fertile, partly by magnetism, partly by the mattress that was stuffed with springy hairs procured from the tails of English stallions. Cf. EVANS 1. c. footn. 43, 106; also GUTTMACHER 1. c. footn. 98, 214-215. 447 Cf. footn. 144 and 145 of this study. 448 Cf. footn. 170 to 173; also footn. 185, 311 of this study. Also ANDREWS, C. M. Famous Utopias (in the Introduction). 449 Cf. footn. 56, 57 of this study.—Also BRUCE, G. L. (1968): The Stranglers, Lond., describes the Dacoits and Thugs, hereditary criminals, whose families had been in trade in India for as many as 20 generations. The Thug gangs caused much trouble to the 19th cent. British government in India.

—Selective breeding has been also common in certain European commercial families; e. g., the beer of the Kronenbourg Brewery in Strasbourg, Alsace, bears this proud label: "HATT brewers from father to son since 1664". 450 Cf. WAITZ 1. c. footn. 30, vol. 2., 271-316, on slaves and slave trade; also SAOO, J. A. 1879; Históriádé la esclavitud, etc.; q. by ROGERS, J. A. Africa's gift to America

. N. Y. Also FRIEDLAENDER, 1. c. footn. 187. 451 MAINE 1. c. footn. 66; also HUGHEBOL (1969): A Pictorial History of the Negro in America, N. Y. (3. ed.). Also HALL, M. (1854): The Twofold Slavery of the U. S., Lond. 452 Slaves multiplied exceedingly, and the "vernae" or homeborn slaves were very numerous. Cf. WALLACE 1. c. footn. 326 (in the Appendix, p. 172). VARRÓ (De re rustica, I: 17 and II: 10) also mentions the practice of breeding from slaves. 453 COLUMELLA (De re rustica, I: 8) advised to breed from slaves, to give rewards, and to free such females who were mothers of more than three children: "...nam cui tres filii, vacatio: cui p ures, libertás quoque contingebat. Haec enim justitia, et cura patris familias multum confert augendo patrimonio." POMPONIUS ATTICUS had only slaves born in his own house. CATO allowed breeding at certain times, and all her female slaves were breeders. 454 ŲŁPIAŅ (I, 7) talks of slaves who were "morbosi" (defective). 455 WAITZ 1. c. footn. 30, p. 302 (with reference to BERNHARD v. W.

: Reise nach Nord-Amerika

, 1828, II: 80). 456 MAINE 1. c. footn. 66, 204. (in his footnote 3), mentions Dr. Carpenter. 457 HUGHES 1. c. footn. 451, 14-15. 458 Cf. Marshall HALL 1. c. footn. 451, 24, in his Letter IV mentions that born and bred in Maryland, Virginia, Kenucky, the victims of the internal slave trade of the U. S. were wrested and 75