Antall József szerk.: Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts / Orvostörténeti Közlemények – Supplementum 5. (Budapest, 1972)

Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts (Guide for the Exhibition)

ing is preserved in a letter addressed to professor Manninger. Under his portrait there is a stone-ware medical wash-basin with blue decoration standing on a wooden stand and deriving from the end of the 19th century. 2. Public Health in the dualist period in Hungary Public health in Hungary was organized in the dualist period (1867-1918) which followed the Compromise of 1867 between Austria and Hungary. Balassa, Markusovszky, Korányi and Jendrassik wrote a memorandum in 1868 where they set forth the most important measures to be taken. It was followed by the establishment of the National Public Health Council and after long preparations the passing of the Public Health Law in 1876 (Act XIV) which was the first act in Hungary settling public health affairs. Under Ágost Trefort (1S171888), Minister of Public Education, the surgical school of Kolozsvár was transformed into a medical faculty. (1872). The department of political medicine at the Faculty of Medicine of Pest was separated into departments of forensic medicine and public health. The first professor of public health was József Fodor (1843-1901) (Fig. 70.) who disproved Pettenkoffer's false soil theory and won international reputation. At his initiative posts for doctors and teachers of public health were organized in the schools. Ernő Jendrassik (1858-1921) was an excellent representative of internal medicine and neurology. From 1893 onwards he was professor at the university of Pest. His book "

Szervi szívbajok kórtana és orvoslása" (Pathology and Therapy of Organic Heart Diseases) was written in 1891. Vilma Hugonnay (1847-1922) (Fig. 71.). was the first Hungarian woman doctor. He obtained her degree in Zurich and had it nostrificated in Hungry in 1897. She wrote a thesis on obstetrics and the training of midwives and took and active part in the women's right movement which started at that time. Vilmos Tauffer (1851-1934) was professor of the Second Obstetric and Gynaecological Clinic between 1881 and 1918. He was the first to perform stitching of the ureter which had been cut through. He had great achievements in the foundation of up-to-date obstetrical and gynaecological operations in Hungary. His name is also linked with the reform of midwife training and the introduction of obstetrical registration. Endre Högÿes (1847-1906) was one of the most excellent physician scientists in Hungary. He was at first professor of pathophysiology at the University of Kolozsvár (today Cluj, Rumania) in 1875 and then from 1883 onwards until his death professor at the Medical Faculty of Budapest. Among his manifold activities mention should be made of his modification of Pasteur's immunization against rabies, his researches in the field of bacteriology - first in Hungary. He also established hospitals and the Pasteur Institute.