Antall József szerk.: Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts / Orvostörténeti Közlemények – Supplementum 5. (Budapest, 1972)
Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts (Guide for the Exhibition)
uated and spindle-like. Apart from stylistic development, practical reasons might have also contributed to the change in the shape of the jars : the cylindrical ones were more easy to be held. The various syrups were kept in pitchers with spouts. The large, round-shaped vessels with wide orifice contained leaves of herbs or their powdered extracts. The development of the shapes of pharmaceutical jars was the result of the mutual effect of style development of the given period and the stage of pharmaceutical technology. The presented collection of pharmacy jars begins with an albarello decorated with head of an angel produced by all probability in the workshop of Palermo about 1600. Next to it there is an oblong albarello from Sicily (Caltagirone) from the 17th century. The syrup pitcher bearing the antique inscription "S. DE. ABSO" and decorated with wreaths of leaves against blue background derives from the workshop of Domenico da Venezia (1560-1570) (Plate V). Its counterpart is an oil container from Castel Durante from the beginning of the 17th century. The cylindrical jar decorated with the figure of Fortuna standing on the riverside and labelled "DIAMOSCHI" is a product of the same workshop but from an earlier date (about 1580). (Fig. 25.). The neighbouring show-case presents an artistic, spindle-shaped albarello produced in Palermo in the 1660's and decorated with yellow and green "trofeo" design and the figure of the Virgin Alary. The powder-pot manufactured in Trapani about 1630 is decorated with acanthus-leaves design against blue background. Next to its pendant of larger size there is a jar bearing the date 1671 produced in South-Italy, probably in a Neapoletan workshop. It represents the Virgin and is marked "S.C.G." Two jugs complete the collection presented in the show-cases: the first one derives from the workshop of Levantino of Albissola (SAVONA) from the 17th century, the other one is a product of the Pescetto workshop of Savona from the 18th century. The mortar bearing the date 1524 and a Latin inscription which refers to Italian origin is displayed as an independent piece for its Renaissance decorations are true reflections of the style of this age. Pharmaceutics in Hungary it the iyth and 18th centuries In the i6th-i7th centuries pharmacy affairs were not regulated by any law in Hungary. This respectable profession was an "ars libera" (free trade) and was not brought under the control of the guilds. The licence to set up a pharmacy was considered as "jus municipii" (municipal right). Only the royal decree of 1759 set down that the grant of a licence for opening a pharmacy is "ius regale" (royal right). Apothecarians were trained in the pharmacies, their certificate was issued by the owner of the shop and that was sufficient for opening a shop of their own. In 1753 a decree was issued according to which the
