Kapronczay Károly szerk.: Orvostörténeti közlemények 230-233. (Budapest, 2015)
KÖZLEMÉNYEK - Elek Gábor—Müller Miklós: Bauer Ervin és a rákkutatás
98 Comm, de Hist. Artis Med. 230-233 (2015) (BcecoK)3HbiH Hhcthtyt DiccnepHMeHTajiHOH Me^HUHHbi, VIEM) (1932-1937) (Müller 2005). He devoted these years to uninterrupted theoretical studies. He developed the application of his principle of permanent non-equilibrium (Table A row 2) to analysis of the cycle of life. In the thirties he equated the decrease of all energies of the cell with senescence. He regarded not only the relative increase of the surface at cell division as being important, but also assumed that a loss of living matter by its conversion into energy (fundamental process) is necessary to raise again the energy level of the daughter cells (Eayop 2002 260-266). His interest in cancer was at bay in the first two institutions. His two monographs published in these years did not even mention cancer (Eayop 1930, 1935). When Bauer became head of the Biology Division of the VIEM in 1932, a Laboratory for the Study of Cancer was immediately organised as one of its five research groups7 8, thus he returned to cancer research once more. His earlier work on cancer was possibly an argument for his invitation to the newly organised institute for ‘ The manifold study of the human organism on the basis of modern theory and practice of medical science, and the development of the new methods of research, treatment and prevention of diseases on the basis of modern achievements in biology and physics... ’ (Mitnik 1935 10). Cancer research was performed by several other groups at the All-Union Institute such as divisions headed by N.N. Anichkov, A.G. Gurvich, and A.D. Speranskii. Ya.A. Lovtsldi performed clinical research (TpeKoea 1990). Examination of anti-tumour effect of purified spleen extracts on tumour bearing animals became part of the research program of Bauer’s Division only after Shabad (LUaöafl, JleoH VlanycoBHu) moved from Anichkov’s Department of Pathology to Bauer’s as head of his Cancer group in 1935 (UIa6ad 2008)*. At this time Shabad was already an accomplished scientist with developed views and probably had reservations about the ideas of Bauer. He does not even mention Bauer’s work in his reminisces of VIEM (see LUaóad 2008 104-106). A single report on spleen extracts was published in German in an international journal edited between 1933 and 1936 by Pál Geréb in Hungary (Bauer et al. 1936) and in Russian (Eaydp u dp. 1937, see last row of Table C). Bauer’s co-worker Lyslova (JIbis.ioBa, AmoHHa BacmrbeBHa) explored the effect of spleen extract in humans9. 7 JlaöopaTopna no royneHmo paxa. Initial scientific co-workers were two colleagues of Bauer coming with him from Moscow, Brandgendler, V.S. and Ginsburg, G.Yu. (See 1934, CnpaeonHUK-Kcuieitdaph Bcecotomoco Mticmu- myma SKcnepuMenmajibHoU Meduifunbi, Ha/tarejic i BO BHEM, JleHHHrpan, 33). Neither of these two co-workers published anything on cancer, it needs to be added. 8 Research plans of Bauer’s Division for 1934 include only one topic related to cancer, Brandgendler’s clinical studies on specific dynamic action of proteins on cancer patients. Plans for 1935 and 1936 also include studies on the role of spleen in cancer pathogenesis and the antiblastic effect of spleen extracts. Central State Archives of Science and Technology, Sankt-Petersburg (LfrAHTH), Fond 182, opis’ 1-1, Delo 412, page 2, Delo 475, pages 44, 96 and 96 verso. 9 Archives of the Institute of Experimental Medicine, St.Petersburg, Fond 747.
