Magyar László szerk.: Orvostörténeti közlemények 166-169. (Budapest, 1999)

ADATTAR — DOCUMENTS - Kótyuk Erzsébet: „A pestis oly iszonyúan pusztítván támadott" ... Adatok Kárpátalja egészségügyének történetéhez a kezdetektől a 18. századig

Hambach. Later the natural quarantine-border has been laid along the river Tisza supervised by Counts Sándor Károlyi and Tamás Berényi as commissioners. During the plague the area — ravaged also by famine — was aided by the government different ways, e. g. by food-supplies and by smaller sums of money. The situation has been rendered even more difficult by the almost total lack of physicians — In 1747 e. g. in Máramaros county did not work any pharmacy, while Ugocsa had only three surgeons and 20 midwives: if anybody needed a physician, had to travel to the neighbouring county. The only pharmacy of the area was that of the Jesuits at Ungvár. Queen Mária Theresia issued only in 1752 a royal decree, which ordered, that every county had to employ a physician living in the municipal capital. The same decree obliged the counties to take care of their poor and to supply them with medicine as well. The counties however being also themselves in want of money, actually could not effectuate the decrees. In the following years a new wave of plague arrived from Poland and Moldavia, and though the plague was successfully blocked by the quarantines, the population suffered severe losses. In the meantime of the different plagues the mountain-people of the region first of all suffered from syphilis and scurvy. The so called Generale Normativum Sanitatis, issued in 1770 by the central royal government, gave a comprehensive frame for the Hungarian public health, having made its influence felt in the following years also in the area of Sub-Carpathia. As a result of the founding of the Hungarian Medical Faculty first at Nagyszombat (Trnava), then in Buda and Pest (1769) the number of physicians and that of well trained surgeons grew significantly even in the area mentioned above.