Varga Benedek szerk.: Orvostörténeti közlemények 149-157. (Budapest, 1996)

TANULMÁNYOK / ARTICLES - Huszár György: Balogh Károly professzor (1895—1973) életútja és iskolája. Születésének centenáriumára. Magyar és angol nyelven

logy at the Medical School of Budapest. In World War I Balogh was decorated with the bronze and silver medals of valor and with the Cross of King Charles; consequently he was elevated to the Order of Gallantry (Vitézi Rend). Beginning a Medical Career During the last year of World War I and after demobilization, Balogh continued to study medicine and graduated in the summer of 1920. In the fall of 1920, the young physician became a resident in the First Department of Pathology of the University, under the direction of Kálmán Buday. It is worth noting that many members of that department became outstanding pathologists or went on to become leaders in various clinical specialities. In those days resident physicians received no stipend. Balogh spent a year in pathology which he later found very useful. One might ask how he became a dentist. He had intended to become a surgeon and was on a waiting list for a training position at the Department of Surgery of the University, but someone with close ties to the chairman was given priority. Meanwhile, the acting chairman of the Department of Stomatology, Joseph Szabó, had requested the professor of pathology, Kálmán Buday, to recommend to him a young physician with experience in pathology. On the basis of this advice Károly Balogh joined the Department of Stomatology in September 1921 as a resident physician. Joseph Szabó had been acting chairman of the Department of Stomatology since the spring of 1919, but his appointment was confirmed only toward the end of 1921. (34) Thus, in this fortuitious and peculiar way, Károly Balogh's long association with the Department of Stomatology started with Szabó's chairmanship. In 1908, at its inauguration, the University Hospital of Stomatology ("the Clinic") was a well-equipped modern institute. (51) During World War I, when it was converted to treat the wounded and injured, most rooms of the outpatient clinic became wards. (40) After the war, it was slowly and with difficulty that the building was returned to its original purpose. In the words of a contemporary witness, ' 'in 1919 the clinic was a dark, neglected, empty building". (45) When Balogh started his career, not only the building but the staff, too, had to be reorganized. Only a few physicians of the original pre-war staff remained or returned. Among the returning were, in addition to Szabó, Henrik Salamon, later a professor at the University, (33) as well as Gusztáv Morelli, who was put in charge of the newly created division of oral medicine (35). Another outstanding staff member was Béla Simon, who in 1922 became vice chairman. In 1921, Szabó — together with Balogh — took into his department, several other young physicians who later became prominent. Among these were István Varga and Pál Oravecz, later professors in Budapest and Pécs, respectively; also present were Lajos Horváth and György István Fodor, who became lecturers. Balogh worked for one and a half decades in the department of Joseph Szabó. During this time he went through all the ranks of the institution. He was an "in-house resident" for five years, which meant that he was always on call and, if he left the building for a few hours, he had to leave a telephone number where he could be reached. In lieu of payment he received free room and board. During those years Balogh started and directed the histopathology laboratory of the hospital. In 1925, he became an assistant professor and was put in charge of the outpatient clinic and of the division of oral and dental surgery. At this time he rented