Antall József szerk.: Orvostörténeti közlemények 89-91. (Budapest, 1980)
TANULMÁNYOK - Schultheisz, Emil: A középkori magyarországi egyetemek és kapcsolatuk Krakkóval (angol nyelven)
May I mention here and now only a few of them having close connections with Hungary; Maciej z Miechowa Mechoviensis, the Polish "Hipocrates" physician to King Ulászló Jagelló, Professor of Medicine at the University of Cracow. The Chronic of this famous humanist is also a very important source of Hungarian history. Wojciech Nowopolski Novicampus the first Polish successor of Vesalius, author of the "Fabricatio hominis". Unfortunately suffering from the Transylvanian climate he returned after one and a half years to Cracow. Concerning the introduction of the work and doctrines of Vesalius to Poland, it is necessary to mention the excellent lecture of Skulimowsky given on the XIX. Int. Cong, of the Hist, of Med. (Basel, 1966), who was speaking about Andreas of Opoczno (t 1550) and Stanislaus Rozanka (Rosarius), further about the polemy between the Conservative physician Felix of Sierpe and the progressiv doctor of medicine Stanislaus Zawadzki which broke out in Cracow university in 1563. These doctors have had a great influence on Hungarian scientific life in medicine. During the reign of Louis the Great Johannes Radlica later Bishop of Cracow was living in Buda as royal physician having near contacts with our medical faculty. An excellent personality of the above-mentioned Academia Istropolitana was the worldwide known physician, astronom and humanist Martius Bylica z Olkusza above mentioned by me as Ukusch. He taught philosophy, astronomy and medicine at the University of Pozsony, working also as physician at the Court of King Mathias Corvinus. From the 16th century's great Polish medical humanists we will not forget the name of Joseph Tectander. He began his medical studies in Cracow and finished them in Padua. He came as court physician to Queen Isabella of Hungary and served her until her death in 1543. His book written on Syphilis (Basel, 1536) was read in whole Europe. A separate and classic chapter in the common history of Hungarian-Polish cultural and medical connections is the period of the reign of Stephan Báthory, King of Poland, Prince of Transylvania, a great personality servant of humanistic ideas. After his election, during his numerous battles he never forgot his tasks for cultural development. During the Polish interregnum the level of the Cracow University began to decline. King Stephan Báthory had exact plans to change these unsatisfactory circumstances of this great university of so old traditions. He tried to renovate and reorganise it on the picture of the Collège Royal Parisien with the help of Ian Zawoyski, as well as he established a short lived new university in Transylvania. Due to historical circumstances (the Turkish occupation and the rule of the Habsburg Dynasty) the University of Kolozsvár declined and disintegrated. Quite another new period began with the foundation of the University in Nagyszombat in 1769 which was later moved to the capital. The medical faculty of this still functioning university has several connections and contacts with the ancient Medical School of Cracow, but this is another chapter of our common history. My time is now up and I think the history of this further 200 years will be the theme of another lecture in the future. Finishing my short lecture may I express my conviction that Cracow University Medical School had been the Alma Mater to many Hungarian students especially in the past when academic training had not been available — due to various historical facts — in Hungary.
