Palla Ákos szerk.: Az Országos Orvostörténeti Könyvtár közleményei 24. (Budapest, 1962)
Dr. Berndorfer Alfréd: A veleszületett rendellenesség pathogenesise történelmi szemléletben. IV. rész
more and more parents with children born with irregularities, the causes of which were superstitiously considered in former centuries the result of enchantment or bewitchment. But these believes slowly fade away. More children survived as a result of the achievements of medical science and less children perished because of their malformation. So the physicians had more opportunities of observing and curing children with these defects. The surgeons Ammon, Bardeleben, Kirmission and others have described their experiences and observations in their major works. The casuistic material increased so that it became necessary to summarize it pathologically considering the new points of view. Naturally along with this embryology has also made progress. The aspects have essentially changed and the study in embryo-biology and embryogenetics has commenced in the field where many important discoveries have been made. The 19th Century was one of the greatest periods of medical science, for it was the era of great medical and natural science discoveries. The great synthesis, and the many problems raised by the scientists of the 19th Century inevitably had to be elaborated. The 20th Century could be called the analytical era as all the many new problems raised by the 19th Century had to be elaborated and solved. But it is to be beared that with so many details, the basic problem will become obscured. Today there are already so many special fields of study that one expert can hardly know the problems of the other professions. However, the congenital malformation is such a complex problem that it can only be regarded in synthesis. The historical logicality shows that if we want to make a question useful in practice, analyzed to the last detail, we have to synthetize it again. This is the future course of research work in the question of the pathogenesis of congenital malformation.
