SZ. BURGER ALICE: LATE ROMAN MONEY CIRCULATION IN SOUTH-PANNONIA / Régészeti Füzetek II/22. (Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum Budapest, 1981

1. PHASE A

l/a, CONSTANTINE I (Caesars: C on s tan tine-Cons tan tius) COINS FROM A.D. 324 TO 330 In South Pannónia, after the successful beating off of the raid of the Sarmatians in 322 A.D. and the events of the turbulent year of 324, a regular circulation of money may be identified from the year 324 onwards. In this year Constantine achieved in the battles of Hadrianopolis and Chrysopolis, and with the long-awaited capitulation of Licinius the unification of his Empire. He laid the foundations of the new capital, Constantinopolis. Between the years 324-32

7 there were three kinds of reverse types in circulation for Constantine I: PROVIDENTIAS AVGG (Nr. @ ); DN CONSTANTINI MAX AVG - VOT/XXX (Nr. (38) ); SARMATIA DEVICTA; In our material under survey Nr. (2l) is completely missing, type Nr. (38) is mainly known from the graves around Keszthely (TIC, ROM, HER), while our only SARMATIA DEVICTA coin was found in grave No. 27 of Keszthely-Dobogó (SIR). Of the coins of the Caesars here only the DOMINOR. NOSTROR. CAESS. VOT/X (Nr. (36) ) and the DOMINOR. NOSTROR. CAESS. VOT/XX. (Nr. (37) ) of the mint TICINUM of Constantine can be found, whereas at the same time the same mint was producing for him the follis with the PROVIDEN-TIAE CAESS inscription on the reverse (Nr. (20) ). The coins of Crispus and Fausta of tragic fate, who were executed in 326 (RIC 4 follis SPES type from the grave Egerág), and the ones of Helena can be traced mainly in the graves in the vicinity of Keszthely in the earliest circulation of money. Between the years 326-33

0 the mint of Constantinopolis was producing the following types for the Emperor: CONSTANTINI-ANA DAFNE (Nr. @ ); LIBERT-AS PVBLICA (Nr. @ ); GLORIA RO-MANORVM (Nr. @ ) and PROVIDEN-TIAE AVGG (Nr. @ ). In our material at that time only Nr. (?) and (f?) - can be found. Between the years 324-33

0 only types Nr. (2j) and (38) were in use for Constantine I. Type (2^) was produced by all the mints operating at that time, of their products only the ones struck by the mints TRE, SIS, THE, NIC, CYZ can be found in our material. The type Nr. (38) was at that time produced only in the mints of ROM and HER. For Constantine and Constantius Caesars uniformly only type Nr. (i0) was in circulation at that time. All mints in operation at that time were producing only this type and the coins of the Caesars reached us only with a variegated division of the mints. Thus in the period l/a 9 mints produced 8 kinds of reverse types. The earliest coins can be found in the treasure hoard of Mernye (Crispus); in the graves around Keszthely (Helena) and in the material of Sopianae-Tricciana, and also in the graves of Majs and Somogyszil. 27