H. Kolba Judit szerk.: Historical Exhibition of the Hungarian National Museum Guide 2 - From the Foundation of the State until the Expulsion of the Ottomans - The history of Hungary in the 11th to 17th centuries (Budapest, 2005)

ROOM 2 - The Age of the Anjou Kings (14th century) (Júlia Kovalovszki)

12. Copper-gilt ciborium, Szepeskörtvélyes (Spissky Hrusov), 14th century The construction activity of the period is shown by the stone carvings (Fig. 13) that are displayed. In the Anjou period, the part of the army that decided battles was the armoured heavy cavalry, which was complemented by light cavalry consisting of Cuman-Jazygian archers. (Only the richest section of the nobility could afford all the equipment needed by a knight, which included the accoutrements required by his attendants.) A new type of weapon appeared too: the double-edged dagger with a long blade. THE CHURCH Intellectual life continued to be directed by the Church. Its schools supplied not only priests, but also the clerks of chanceries and those employed in ecclesiastical bodies entrusted with notary functions. The scriveners active in the towns also came from these schools. Louis the Great founded a university in Pécs in 1387; this is commemorated by the arms of the rector - Bishop William - which once embellished its gateway. The University of Pécs survived only a short time, but Hungarian students continued to visit foreign universities. A reference to this is the 14th-century silver signet of the University of Vienna. Besides the valuable ecclesiastical items such as chalices, ciboria, censers, and processional crosses, we also display here a few illuminated pages from the Illustrated Chronicle, a relic of intellectual life which is of outstanding value. The codex which contains the first poem in the Hungarian language, the hymn The Lament of the Virgin Mary, is also shown here. The series of religious relics is complemented by a missal (the Pozsony missal, 14th century), a painted wooden statuette and an embroidered chasuble cross (Fig. 15). Gothic-style elements reached Hungary through German and Bohemian-Moravian