Garam Éva szerk.: Between East and West - History of the peoples living in hungarian lands (Guide to the Archaeological Exhibition of the Hungarian National Museum; Budapest, 2005)

HALL 1 - The Palaeolithic and the Mesolithic (400,000-6000 B.C.) (Viola T. Dobosi)

12. The characteristic flint tools of Neanderthal man from the Subalyuk Cave. 80,000-60,000 B.C. 24 artefacts brought to light during excavations. Development during the early Palaeolithic was ensured by the permanent settlements occupied over a long period of time in a relatively small geographic region. During the middle phase of the Palaeolithic, the horizon of the known world expanded. Contact between various communities, perhaps not always welcome, was unavoidable owing to the growing population density. The finds from Upper Palaeolithic settlements reflect exchanges between distant regions. Several hundreds of kilometres long journeys were occasionally undertaken for the acquisition of good quality flints. In Hungary, lithics from Silesia and the Holy Cross Mountains in the Vistula Valley in Poland, as well as from the Prut Valley in Romania have been identified. Most of the stone tools found at Esztergom (Fig. 14) were made from flint acquired from the Prut Valley. Rock crystal, an exotic raw material at the time, was procured from the Eastern Alps. The communities of the late Upper Palaeolithic arrived in successive waves during the milder millennia at the end of the Ice Age. The first groups arrived from the Moravian Hills and the Wachau area in Austria about 26-28 thousand years ago. Their extensive settlements were located at