Estók János (szerk.): A Magyar Mezőgazdasági Múzeum Közleményei 2008-2010 (Budapest, 2010)
Szabó László: A magyar méhészet tárgyi emlékei
The Artefacts of Hungarian Beekeeping LÁSZLÓ SZABÓ Since its foundation the Museum of Hungarian Agriculture has been collecting the written and material relics of Hungarian apiculture. Apiculture, the utilization of honey, has been present throughout Hungarian history with changing aims, methods, and tools. Three separate methods differing in their state of development can be distinguished in the history of apiculture. These honey gathering procedures were used parallel to each other for a long time. Honey hunting beekeeping was one of the most ancient gathering activities of the Hungarians. A relatively small number of objects are connected to this method. The traditional peasant beekeeping using beehives was in practice for centuries to extract honey and beeswax. Its most typical appliances were the hollow log and the beehive made of various types of materials and applied in different forms and several manners. The traditional beekeeping gave way to typical crafts for processing the main products. Special and unique methods and appliances characterized the gingerbread makers' and the chandlers' crafts. The invention of movable frame hives provided the base of modern, intensive apiculture used to this day. Scientifically based beekeeping enriched the beekeepers' paraphernalia with numerous instruments. Átdobolás 108
