Technikatörténeti szemle 23. (1997-98)

TANULMÁNYOK - Efmertová, Marcela: Major Anniversaries of Prague’s Czech Technical University and its Support from the Secondary School System in the Past

11 The Fuerstenbergs, originally an Austrian aristocratic family, known since the 11th century. In the 16th century one branch of the family settled in Bohemia and later started their own business in iron making. 12 The horse-drawn railway line leading from Ceske Budejovice to Linz and Gmunden, desinged by Franz Joseph Gerstner and built by Franz Anton Gerstner, was the first horse-drawn railway line on the continent. Designed for both freight and passenger transport, the railway line construction commenced in 1825, and went into service on August 1, 1832. Steam locomotives replaced the horse-drawn carriages in December 1873. 13 Rottenham Heinrich Ferdinand (1738-1809), a Viennese state official and aristocratic businessman. He supported not only Gerstner's reform of technical education but also the Balling family who were engaged in chemistry. Rottenhan's daughter was married to Goethe's friend who setitled in Prague, the scientist J.A. Buqoy. 14 Gerstner's correspondence in the Czech archives has been mostly lost. Some of the documents are found in the National Technical Museum Archive, the Charles University Archive, the National Museum Archive, the Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and the State Central Archive. 15 Velflfk, A. V. op. cit. Part 1, pp. 156-159 (in Czech). 16 Ibid 17 Ibid, p. 160. 18 Ibid, p. 167. 19 Ibid, pp. 182-187. 20 Ibid, p. 198, 200. 21 Ibid, p. 227-229. 22 Strbanova, Sona, Janko, Jan, Veda Purkynovy doby (Science in the Time ofPurkyne). Academia, Prague 1988. p. 215 (in Czech). Velflfk, A. V., op. cit., pp. 239-250 (in Czech). 23 Velflik, A.V., op. cit., pp. 227-229. Kroupa, Jan. F. J. Gerstner a jeho doba (Gerstner and His Time). In: Prace z dejin pfirodnich ved (Works in the History of Natural Sciences). Issue No. 6. Csskoslovenska akademia ved, Praha 1978, p. 173 (in Czech). 24 Johann Ignaz von Felbiger (1724-1788), a pupil of the reformer Eberhard von Rostow, an educationalist and theoretician, made a name for himself in Catholic Prussian Silesia where he introduced his first school reform known as Landschulreglement and applied a new teaching method, proceeding from the idea of collective teaching (Zusammenunterricht), from a skilful way of asking questions during catechization and the introduction of a letter and blackboard teaching method (Buchstaben- und Tabellarisierungmethode). In 1774 he was called by Emperor Josep II to Vienna to prepare a basic reform of Austrian elementary schoolling. 25 Ferdinand Kindermann von Schulenstein (1740-1801), originally a priest from the South Bohemian town of Kaplice, later bishop in the North Bohemian town of Litomerice and chief school inspector in Bohemia. He was knighted and granted the title von Schulenstein in recognition of his achievements in reforming trivial schools and promoting industrial training. 26 Franz Exner (1802-1853), a philosopher and school reformer, professor at Prague University, from 1848 onwards a leading civil servant - Councillor at the Ministry of Cults and Education in Vienna. He was regarded as an influential Herbartian follower. The impact of his work is attributed to his departure from Hegelianism and his promotion of Herbartianism in the Austrian school system. 27 Latin was the language of instruction at Prague University until 1782, The Czech language was used in trivial schools until replace by German. From the 1850s onwards there were secondary schools with Czech classes, and thanks to the Hausner School Act after 1869 universities In the Czech lands were divided according to the their preferred language of instruction into Czech and German universities. As early as 1869 the Prague Polytechnic was divided into Czech and German parts. A similar method was used to divide Prague's Charles-Ferdinand University in 1882. 28 Hanzal, Josef, Pocatky rakovnicke a liberecke realky (Beginnings of the Rakovnik and Llberec Realschule). In: Dejiny vid a techniky (A History of Sciences and Technology) 5, 1972,