Technikatörténeti szemle 3. (1964)

Opitz László: A fogaskerék vázlatos fejlődéstörténete és a magyar mérnökök alkotómunkája a fogaskerékprofil kialakításában

Outlines of the technoligic history of the gear-well and the contribution of Hungarian engineers to the development of gear-wheel profiles. LÁSZLÓ OPITZ The ancient form of gear-wheel, used by the Egyptians with gin-type water-raising devices, has hardly changed in the course of the 2000 years which elapsed until the appearance of modern high-speed machinery. Although the theoreticians sought for the most suitable form of cog, the existing technology was inadequate for the practical realization of their ideas. The discrepancy between theory and practice could be eliminated only after both the theoretic fundamentals had been clarified and technology had reached an advanced stage. In this new phase of technologic evolution, the Hungarian engineers achieved internationally recognized results. The frist to design cog-wheels on the basis of surface-stress calculations, as practiced even in our days, was Dr. Emil VIDÉKY, who used Hertzian equations for obtaining the pressure stress occuring on the involute surface of the cogs. His epoch-making innovation was reviewed in the periodical of the Austrian Society of Engineers in 1908. The significance of undercutting was similarly frist recognized in its true value by Dr. VIDÉKY, who investigated also the basic principales of dentation correction. The technical studies of Dr. Lajos SZENICZEI have put the gear-wheel theory on a new basis. His two fundamental scientific works dealt with the determination of the limits of Involute denation and with the stressing of bevel gears. The surprising results of Imre BOTKA's examinations have met with the appreciation of experts of international renown. In his paper published in English in 1951, he stated the upper limits of profile displacement for cog-wheel pairs of proportional or permanent radial clearance, with general involute denantion. BOTKA based his new geometric dimensioning theory on cycloids. One of the results of his experimental work and investigations in the "GANZ-BOTKA