A Közlekedési Múzeum Évkönyve 13. 2001-2002 (2003)

IV. RÉSZ • A Közlekedési Múzeum gyűjteményeiből 365 - Rövid tartalmi összefoglaló a Közlekedési Múzeum XIII. Évkönyvéhez (magyar, angol, német nyelven) 385

The professional shipbuilding established itself at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. The shipyards in Baja, Mohács, Szeged, Komárom and Budapest were established in this period. The "First Danube Steamship Company" (DDSG) leased the shipyard island of Óbuda from 1835 and then from 1860 and finally in 1880 the company bought the island and erected the shipyard. From 1946 the island together with the shipyard had become the property of the Soviet Union and was returned fully to the Hungarian state only in 1953. In 1991 the shipyard - after losing its market - finished its activities and ceased to exist without legal successor. The brief summary about the winter harbour of Újpest and the shipyards concerning the period 1863-1994 is completed by a table containing the names and owners of the shipyards, which had been operating there. László Szabó: Data To The History Of The Crossing Places Of The River Tisza. The study reviews the crossings over the river Tisza in respect of topography, transport history and geography. Starting from the source of the rivers Fekete Tisza and Fehér Tisza till Titel - where the Tisza flows into the Danube - the study makes acquainted with the crossing possibilities over the river, the ferries at disposal and the bridges. For lack of archival data the list and the technical, historical data of the crossings operating presently may be regarded as the recording of the situation only. Dr. Mihály Krámli: Contributions To The History Of The Austro-Hungarian Merchant Shipping On The Danube, 1914-1916. The goal of the study is the demonstration of the development of the military organization and the institution system of the merchant shipping of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and furthermore the military and economic tasks facing it. In the decade before the 1st World War the inland water mercantile fleet of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was much larger than the same of the other states along the Danube, but largere than its own maritime mercantle fleet, too. By that time there was not such a central body within the management of war, which would direct and supervise the organization of (railway, water way) transports in case of war. In times of peace this was the duty of the 5.EB (Railway Office), which came under the general staff and the Ministry of War and which was dealing only with railway related questions. On the 27th July 1914 the scope of duties of 5.EB was enlarged and the Central Transport Management (KSZV) has been established with a high ranking officer of the general staff in command. The KSZV organized also the central management of the Danube shipping beside the railway. One of the most important duties of the shipping was to provide the transport of the war material and of the food stuffs for Germany and the Monarchy. The Author demonstrates in detail the scope of duties and the organization of the shipping group of KSZV in the annex of his study. László Szabó: History Of The Hungarian Public Roads Following The 1st Word War (permanent exhibition in the Transport Museum). The permanent exhibition presents for the visitors the processes and more important steps of the since 1919 traceable development of the Hungarian road traffic selecting from the picture and objective documents. The Author - being organizer and scenarist of the exhibition - renders a detailed account about the conception concerning the structure of the exhibition, the history of development of the road structures, the engineering structures, the roadbuilding and furthermore the demonstrating and graphic solutions applied during preparing the exhibition. Attila Szabó: Hundered Years Of Motor Flight - Data About The Wright Brothers And Their Activities. The world celebrates the lOOst anniversary of the motor flight on the 17th December 2003. Some of the researchers of the history of technics and the history of aviation are sceptical about the legitimacy of this date, but the majority agrees that the experiments of the Wright brodhers on the 17th December 1903 can be regarded as the first successful ones, when the aeroplane heavier than the air lifted into the air by selfeffort, according to the pilote's command and after that it landed. In his study the Author describes the life and history of the Wright family, Wilbur's and Orvill's activities and furthermore the long range of the experiences resulting in the construction of the various types of the Wright aeroplanes. 399