Tanulmányok Budapest múltjából 33. 2006- 2007 (2007)

Tanulmányok - S. Cserey Éva: Az 1800-as évek feledésbe merült pest-budai kályhásmesterei II.

S. Cserey, Éva: THE FORGOTTEN STOVE MAKERS OF PEST-BUDA IN THE 19

th CENTURY. PART TWO. The first part of the subject mentioned above (Studies from the Past of Budapest XXXII. 91-114.) was telling about the stove-makers work of Fischer, Ignác, with the help of the ""Preis Verzeichnis" published in 1872. In our study we would like to introduce the second part: "The forgotten stove makers of PestBuda in the 19

lh century". This study works with stove-makers who worked in the second half of the 19

th century in Pest and Buda. During the researches dada and representing plates of the stove makers were found. The masters made and in many cases sold their stoves in their workshops. They advertised their works in the contemporary newspapers like: Pester Lloyd, Vereinigte Pester und Ofner Zeitung, the Adressen Kalender von Pest established in 1870's, Ofen und Altofen - etc. Most important principle of a stove was the economized fuel and the greater heat outlet. The most information of the development of the stove industry in Pest, Buda, Óbuda and the united capital, comes from the reports of the Commercial Chamber of Industry of Budapest handed out in 1870-1875. The first report is about the handicraft and manufacturing industry between 1870-75. It namely mentions the 10 most important stove makers, the equipments of their workshop and the important data of their products. According to this report the raw material is hand grinded to suite the work process. Certain parts of the stove the stove-tiles are formed with "molding device". The number of the glaze-grinding and the combustion furnaces tell us about the production capacity of the workshop. More so we can figure the number of workers - mainly men - who were working an average of daily 10 hours, 300 days a year. Making 250600 stoves during one year, sometimes even 1200 pieces. The paid daily wage was lFt, 70kr to 1 Ft, 90kr. The trained wage was 2.51 -3Ft. This study introduces the biedermaeir stove fashion from the second half of the 19

th century, based on these information and the published representing plates. The author gave a lecture related to this study, on the 36

th Internationales HafnereiSymposium, in Kitsee in 2003, called „Gedächnis an einige Pester und Ofener Hafnermeister im 19. Jahrhundert.".