Tanulmányok Budapest múltjából 33. 2006- 2007 (2007)

Tanulmányok - Schweitzer Gábor: Konszolidáció vagy reakció? A Bethlen-korszak fővárosi novellája (1924. évi XXVI. tc.) és az 1925. évi törvényhatósági választások

Schweitzer, Gábor CONSOLIDATION OR REACTION? THE CAPITAL'S NOVEL FROM THE BETHLEN-TIMES (YEAR 1924 36TH PARAGRAPH) AND THE MUNICIPIAL ELECTIONS IN THE CAPITAL IN 1925. Budapest the capital of Hungary was regulated a city with municipal rights in a special legal status when uniting Buda, Pest and Óbuda (year 1872. 36

lh paragraph). Therefore through many decades the municipal committee representing the university of the capital had a different administrative-policy compared to the other - city and county - municipal committees. However the norms considering the legal status of the municipal committee were restructured by the legislation four times between 1920-1934. The two capital novels of the 20's -1920. 9

th paragraph and the 1924. 26

th paragraph - only considered the restructuring and reformation of the municipal committee. The 18

th paragraph in 1930. was re-codifying the 36

th paragraph from 1872. , but according to the legislator's will - also combining the reform intentions of the administrativepolicy with reforms of the capital's administration. The 12

th paragraph in 1934. reconsidered the capital's acts in 1930. after eliminating the remains of the municipal autonomy. The legislation-wise and the administrational attention towards the capital's municipal committee was not really complementary, since one of the specialties of the 20's was restriction and regulation of the autonomous territorial civil services, also the governmental control and centralization was mostly emphasized in the capital. The (national conservative) against-Budapest acts of the first years after World War I. and the revolutions were motivated by the expansive city development of the previous fifty years. This legislation policy directed the capital's novels and in a rather hidden way the law from 1930. Hungary's consolidation in the internal affairs and the foreign policy from 1921 was directed by the Bethlen-government. Their aim was to stop the liberal and democratic oriented social and political powers from taking back the city hall and the general assembly in order to drive the city administration as it used to be before 1918. These actions were part of their publicadministrative policy. The government also had to consider that the social democratic party significantly strengthened in the capital since the national congregation in 1922. However the centralization policy of the government also weakened the positions of the Christian Community Party. This was the major party since the municipal elections in 1920. It also counted as a right wing party, more or less loyal to the government. Based on these public administrative aims, the prime minister emphasized the policy of his own middle-party political guidelines to be present in the capital's politics in a rather organized and structured form. The Community Civilian Party was established for this purpose in 1925. In this study you can see how the 9

th paragraph from year 1920. was changed by the 16

th paragraph in 1924., and how regulations and restrictions were born to make the autonomy's existence rather controlled. Such as the number and structure of the municipal committee, the conformation of suffrage in the capital more so the extension of the supervising right of the