Havassy Péter - Selmeczi László szerk.: Régészeti kutatások az M0 autópálya nyomvonalán 1. (BTM műhely 5/I. kötet Budapest, 1992)

ENDRŐDI ANNA: Késő rézkori leletek Szigetszentmiklós-Üdülősoron

Late Copper Age Assemblages at Szigetszentmiklós-Üdülősor ANNA ENDRŐDI The site SZIGETSZENTMIKLÓS-ÜLXJLŐSOR was excavated in 1988 and 1989 when the rescue excavation was carried out on the trace of motorway MO. Within the 2500 m

2 excavated area features and assemblages of the Middle Copper Age Ludanice Culture, the Late Copper Age Baden and Kostolac Culture, the Early Bronze Age Bell-Beaker Culture came to light together with Celtic and Medieval (Arpádian Age) features (Fig. 2.). The site is situated on a wide elevation in the Danube flood, 3 km off the administrative border of Budapest, 100 m off the bank of the Soroksár-branch of the Danube. Nine of the 250 archeological features belonged to the Late Copper Age Baden and Kostolac Cultures.

1 There were a few archeological remains of this period on the site (Fig. 2.). The diffusion plan of the Kostolac Culture in the neighbourhood of Budapest (Fig. 1.) shows a very temporary establishment of this culture coming from the South. On the Csepel-island - except the settlements at Szigetszentmiklós and Szigetcsép - there are not any excaveted sites belonging to the Kostolac Culture. The above mentioned two sites horizontally stratigraphy showes some similarities: the end of the Baden Culture and Kostolac Culture live together, but to some extent the Kostolac Culture follows the Baden Culture. At last both sites are inhabited by the early bronze age Bell-Beaker Culture. The same facts are proved by the assemblages revealed at Szigetszentmiklós-üdülősor. There were assemblages of the Baden Culture in pits 90, 191, 73/a. In other pits assemblages of Baden and Kostolac Cultures were found together. The assemblages - that came to light at Szigetszentmiklós-üdülősor - are dated to the older phase of the Kostolac Culture living together with the latest phase of the Baden Culture. J. KOREK considers that this is the period when the Kostolac Culture has an effect to the Post-Clny Group.

68 The chronology of the (Jny-group was mentioned in connection with the assemblages excavated at Budapest-Medve street - a settlement belonging to the Baden Culture.

69 The analogies of the assemblages characterized by Clny-type finds from Budapest (Békásmegyer III., Csepel-BÜCEM, Káposztásmegyer-Farkaserdő) can be found among the finds representing the beginning of the younger classical Baden Culture (after Pavukova it is called Baden IV/a: üny, Pécel, Agasegyháza, Tfmace-Slovakia). Consequently it is not possible to date these Budapest assemblages to the „very beginning of the classical Baden Culture"

70 any more. The archeological material together with Kostolac assemblages - revealed on the site of Szigetszentmiklósüdülősor - gives the same evidence. On Pavukova's opinion it is not possible yet to divide: Baden IV/a (üny) into more phases. At the same time finds of phase N/b (Chlaba-Ozd type finds) are hardly identified. 1 In the case of the assemblages excavated at Szigetszentrniklós-Üdülősor, Esztergom-Diósvölgy and Szigetcsép-Tangazdaság a so called „Post-üny" phase (after J. Korek) may be defined in NW-Transdanubia. The problem is that these finds are not enough yet to describe and define some special tipological peculiarities.