Budapest Régiségei 36. (2002) – In memoriam Rózsa Kalicz-Schreiber (1929-2001)
Endrődi Anna: New data on the late copper age and early bronze age settlement history of Budapest – Csepel Island = Újabb adatok Budapest Csepel-sziget késő rézkori és kora bronzkori településtörténetéhez 115-129
NEW DATA ON THE LATE COPPER AGE AND EARLY BRONZE AGE SETTLEMENT HISTORY OF BUDAPEST - CSEPEL ISLAND Szigetszentmiklós. 58 Fragments of this type have been unearthed in settlement features. 59 It has already been observed that bell beakers appear in the same shapes and with the same ornaments as in large territories of Central Europe. 60 A pierced hole can be observed on this bell beaker under the rim. The listed analogies imply that the inhumation graves with a crouched skeletons can be affiliated to the western group of the Bell-Beaker Culture, especially to the Bell-Beaker population of the Bohemian-Moravian region. The find assemblage is dated from phase II of the early Bronze Age, which is parallel to the Somogyvár - Vinkovci, late Makó-Kosihy Caka, Nyírség and Protoaunjetitz Cultures. The soil samples taken from the graves and settlement features unearthed at Szigetszentmiklós-vízmű site contained many archaeohotanical finds, which were analysed by Ferenc Gyulai. 61 He estimated that the people of the culture cultivated three cereal types: six-row barley millet and chaffy emmer. The cultivated plants and their proportions are identical to the cereal remains analysed from the site 33. Hollandi road, Csepel (excavated by Rózsa Kalicz-Schreiber). In the territory of the Csepel-Island discussed in this paper (northern tip of the Csepel Island within the legal boundary of Budapest, Fig. 1), the finds of the classical and late phases of the Late Copper Age Baden Culture were unearthed. The settlement traces can equally be found along both the main branch and the Soroksár branch of the Danube. No sites of the culture were found in the inner territories of the island. Similarly no finds have been uncovered so far from the early Bronze Age Makó Culture, the first intensive settlement after the late Copper Age can be demonstrated in the period of the Bell Beaker-Csepel group. A chain of settlements is distributed along both branches of the Danube, which are followed by groups of burials containing the finds of the early Bronze Age Bell Beaker-Csepel group. 58 KALICZ-SCHREIBER 1974. Fig. 16. 5 9 ENDRÔDI 1992. Fig. 65. 4. 60 KALICZ-SCHREIBER 1997.184. 61 Ferenc Gyulai ! s kind oral communication, unpublished. 119
