Budapest Régiségei 30. (1993)

TÖRTÉNET, TOPOGRÁFIA = GESCHICHTE, TOPOGRAPHIE - Szirmai Krisztina: Archaeological observations in the northern section of the so-called vicus of Albertfalva, 1973-1977 = Régészeti megfigyelések az ún. albertfalvai vicus északi részén, 1973-1977 87-118

Nos. 84. 4. 375-377. Southern deepening in Surface No. 2.: between 90 cm-1.30 m; bronze objects: an owlshape fitting (Picture 21.4), a bulla with iron chain, (Picture 21.1), sphere-headed nail, rhomboid mount with pearl-like decoration (Picture 21.3).

41 Inv. No. 84. 4. 310-312/a. between 90 cm-1,70 m: funnel-shaped, pierced bone carving. Inv. No. 84. 4. 331. Surface No. 2, Eastern excavation, upper part: sherd of a bowl with red slip, imitating Samian ware, animal figure, grapes, leaf-tendrils.

42 Inv. Nos. 84. 4. 379 and 84. 4. 401. (Picture 19. 1,3). Self-coloured censer and pythos sherds. Inv. Nos. 84. 4. 433-434. Fragments of Samian ware, Central and South Gaulish, Domitianic-Antonine. Inv. Nos. 84. 4. 415^25. We observed the levelling of a stratigraphically very early pit in the Eastern section (Picture 24.1) without any finds. Timber and post sherds were also found without any possibility of defining their precise age. The dwelling-pit represents the Flavian period and was levelled in the Traianic-Hadrianic era. A wall with a North-South orientation must have been added at that time, however no pertaining level was found. At the same time, the upper layer of the Roman mixed soil yielded some finds that suggest of a site settlement from a later date, i.e. Samian ware from the Antonine era and sherds with green glaze. Surface No. 3. (Picture 10): North-South orientation. Size: 7x6 m. Eastern and Southern sections show recent, gray, mixed and raw, muddy, sandy layers. It has to be noted that in the Eastern part of the Southern section, we observed an 80 cm long, 25 cm thick, cascading, gravelled layer. In the Southern end of the Eastern section, at an Adriatic level of 100,90 m below the recent fill, remnants of a gravelled layer appeared along a length of 1 m. At around the centre of the surface, along a length of 7 m, the foundation of dismantled North-South wall of a varying thicknesses appeared. Layers unearthed in the section belonged to the wall. Major finds: Gray, mixed soil, 0-30 cm: body-sherd of the inverted rim of a bowl, gray slip. BTM Inv. No. 84. 4. 437. Bodyand rim sherd of a mortar, with a double-leaf decoration stamped on the rim. Inv. No. 84. 4. 447 (Picture 28.1). Handle fragment of round section, gray, grainy. Inv. No. 84. 4. 450. As the above suggests, the full length foundation wall of a building appeared in a "flattened" state. (Picture 24.2). The stone-covered walking level that appeared in the Eastern section used to be the elevated walking level of the building according to the data. Surface No. 4. (Picture 10). North-South orientation. Size: 6x6 m. Northern section: at 2,50 m from the West recent fill is followed by a gray, mixed fill until the virgin, yellow earth. At around the middle of the section, a stone covered surface appeared with a width of 1,25 m, laid on the mixed, gray earth. East of the stony surface, gray, mixed soil under the recent fill is closed by a gravelled, stony layer at an Adriatic level of 99,98 m, to the length of 1,50 m. Below this layer the fill is gray, with mixed soil reaching to the edge of the digging. The stony surface mentioned in the section stretched along the full length of the surface. This originally used to be the base of a North-South aligned wall, which became "flattened". The pertaining level could not be found. In the South-Western corner of the surface a so called "C" feature appeared. It was of an elliptical shape, with 1,90x2,40 m. No layer was found in its section, however the mould of a 20 cm wide wooden post could be seen in its centre. Based on its size it may have been a small dwelling-pit and we observed the place where the pile, that belonged to the building, must have been. We do not know what the floor may have been like. As the Northern section suggests, the gravelled layer belonged to the pit period of the Flavian era. In Surface No. 4 we discovered an object that belonged to the plank period, a walking level from earlier than the wall foundation, and a ruined wall foundation without a pertaining level. Finds that deserve mentioning: Western part, between 0-40 cm: North-Western part, superior layer: Curved profile body sherd of a rough-cast-beaker, brownish-red,.

45 BTM Inv. No. 84. 4. 441. West of the stones, layer 2: sherds of bowls, self and orange coloured. Inv. Nos. 84. 4. 456-7. Over feature "C": fragments of Samian ware, South-Gaulish, TraianicHadrianic. Inv. No.: 84. 4. 454. West of feature "C": 0-20 cm: wide-flanged rim sherd, with multiple grooving, gray. Inv. No. 84. 4. 453. The above suggests that this dwelling-pit belonged to an earlier period (feature "C"). No data is available for a more precise age definition. The gravelled layer in the Northern section represents the Flavian era. Later the foundation wall of the building was raised from stone, with sun-dried bricks above. Surface No. 5: Size: 5 x 5 m. Northern section: the deep, recent digging ruined every archaeological feature to a depth of 20-60 cm. Below it gray, mixed soil was found. Only at the Eastern end of the section a 70 cm wide digging appeared without any pertaining level. Its fill: mixed, gray soil with plenty of charcoal and flakes. Gray, mixed fill reaching down to the yellow virgin soil. Western section: recent and gray, mixed filling stretching above the undisturbed, yellow virgin soil. At around the centre of the surface the skull of an animal was found on a small stone heap. Major finds: From the top layer of gray, mixed soil: Sherd of a bowl with stamped-in design, gray slip. BTM Inv. Nos. 84. 4. 479., 84. 4. 483-4 (Picture 17.5). Fragment of a bone needle. Inv. No. 84. 4. 462. Gray, mixed earth, layer 2: fragment of a discus of a lamp with Luna bust, painted orange. Inv. No. 84. 4. 515 (Picture 23). Gray, mixed earth, 0-60 cm: bowl with reverse rim, orange-coloured band on rim. Inv. No. 84. 4. 514. Sherds of Samian ware, South and Cen°2