Nyelvtudományi Közlemények 96. kötet (1998-1999)

Tanulmányok - Dezső László: Typological Comparison of Root Structuring in Uralic and Early Indo-European. [Az uráli és korai indoeurópai tőstruktúrák tipológiai összevetése] 3

6 LÁSZLÓ DEZSŐ (with alternation CV:C ~ CVC+V; the possible final Clusters are typically composed of a nasal and a homorganic occlusive (Krishnamurti 1972: 237-8). According to Décsy (1990: 35) „CV is the most archaic and most universal syllabic structure". Early Uralic roots CVCV and CVCV+CV represent an archaic structuring. In Proto-Turkic the typical CVC root can be followed by a formative of -VC structure or by a vowel, which is typical to Mongol (Baskakov 1979: 167-7). The major rule of Dravidian morphophonemics concerns the occurrence of vowels i, u, a after root final consonants (Krishnamurti 1972: 238, Zvelebil 1990: 14). The UEW présents the parallels of Uralic etymons in Yukagir and Altaic which serve as examples and show concrète détails. The items of UEW will be reduced to the minimum indispensable information. a) The Uralic CVCCV structures correspond to the following structures in the Altaic group: Altaic CVC: *maksa 'liver'; Turk *bay-, Ma-Tung *pak- (UEW 264) Altaic CVCVC: *siíke (sül'ke) 'salive, spittel; to spit' (FU); Mong silükei, sülekei (UEW 479-80) Altaic CVC or CVCCV: *woqke/a 'hollow, cave'; Alt. *gorjgi; Mong *oqa; Ma-Tung oqgó (UEW 583) *sukse 'ski'; Ma-Tung *su:ksi (UEW 450) b) The Uralic CVCCV structures hâve the following parallels in Yukagir Yukagir CVC*sarjk3 'taste, smell; to taste, to smell'; Yuk. corj- (UEW 462-3) Yukagir CVCC*salk3 'pole, bar; tree trunk' (FU); Yuk culgo- (UEW 460-1) c) The Uralic CVCCV and CVCV+CV etymon also hâve both Altaic and Yukagir parallels: Altaic CVC-, Yuk CVCC*nukse {nuk3-s3) 'sable, martén' (FU ? U); Tung neke:, Yuk no%so (UEW 326-7) d) The Uralic CVCCV etymon has the parallel of CVCCV structure in late Indo-European: muske (moske) 'to wash'; IE *mozge-, *mezge (UEW 289-90) A nasal-affricate consonant Cluster can alternate with a simple affricate in Uralic and Finno-Ugric. Such alternative roots correspond to Altaic parallels without consonant Clusters. *kunce ~ *kuce 'urine; urinate' (UEW 210); PTung *kV]V (Sinor 1990: XXXIV)