Társadalomtörténeti múdszerek és forrástípusok. Salgótarján, 1986. szeptember 28-30. - Rendi társadalom, polgári társadalom 1. - Adatok, források és tanulmányok a Nógrád Megyei Levéltárból 15. (Salgótarján, 1987)
Angol nyelvi összefoglalók (English Summaries)
566 clerk, the chief cashier, the cashier, the accountant, the managers of the sugar-beet growing, and the office boys formed the administrative group of the employees. The number of the people on technical and administrative staffs was broadly equal untrl the end of the 1930's after that the administrative staff grew faster. The pay-rolls show the salary and income differentiations of the administrative and technical staffs. In addition, Mr. Szili also investigates the living conditions, the furnitures of the households, and the aesthetic senses of both groups. In the investigation of the living conditions, he also takes their educations and culture into account. Generally speaking, there is a gap between their vocational training and educations. Their scale of value was determined by the conservative political tradition and Catholicism. Their political world-view was fairly narrow, but the expansion of the fascist movements in Hungary and the World War II made a significant change in this field. On the basis of the analyses of the administrative staff, Mr. Szili outlines the social, political and cultural characteristics of this group. As he states, these characteristics were not the unique phenomena of this local community. The capital exploited not only the workers but the employees as well, it expected from them only the disposition for the capitalist production. Because the enterprise waited for them to possess the highest level of the technical skill, it financed their continuative technical education. As far as the cultural and political activities are concerned, the technical and administrative employees could hardly keep pace with the events of their age; they were not able constructively to contribute to seek the solutions of the national and even the local social problems. ZSIGMOND GYARMATHY : The Self-Portrait of A "Dzsentri" Civil Servant in the First Part of the Twentieth Century. (Pál Olchváry's Diary.) The author focuses on one of the most disputed problems of the Hungarian historiography, to wit, the gentry (" dzsentri "). The gentry which historically came from the middle stratum of the Hungarian feudal states are usually known from novels and plays. These literary works have shaped the course of the well-established opinion about the gentry for a long time. Therefore we frequently tend to think of gentry as a homogenous stratum of the Hungarian society. We have even 3 3ss reliable knowledge about the self-image of the gentry itself. Dr. Gyarmaty's essay deals with this later aspect of the problems of gentry. The diary was written by Pál Olchváry, the chief councellor and the chief administrative officer of the county-district of Gáva. Pál Olchváry was born in a gentry family in Szatmár County at the end of the mineteenth century. After the loss of the landed property estates of the family, his father had to accept some administrative position in the local administration; he encouraged his sons to take some public office as well. The gentleman's lifestyle in the landed estates of Dengeleng, Szatmár County, was still fresh in the memory of the Olchvárys and they tried to keep it alive in their new social condition. Because Pál Olchváry frequently put the family affairs down in his diary, we can get the remarkably insight into the everyday life, custom and manners of the gentry family. The historical researches have not yet given an account of the everyday
