Társadalomtörténeti múdszerek és forrástípusok. Salgótarján, 1986. szeptember 28-30. - Rendi társadalom, polgári társadalom 1. - Adatok, források és tanulmányok a Nógrád Megyei Levéltárból 15. (Salgótarján, 1987)
Angol nyelvi összefoglalók (English Summaries)
562 The integrative mobility of the civil servants shows that the restorative process began to take place among them soon after the Ausgleich of 1867. The majority of the liberal political leaders of the lower nobility who held position in the higher state bureaucracy after the Ausgleich of 1867 originated from such families which played the important political roles in their native counties. The male members of these famailies usually held some political administrative positions in their counties as well. The ministerial civil servants who replaced them usually came from such families which served in the state bureaucracy for many decades. It follows from our findings that the image of the Hungarian " dzsentri " who sought its livelihood in the state bureaucracy in the era of the dual monarchy is nothing more than the fairy-tale of our historiography. KÁROLY VÖRÖS : The Constitutional Reform of the Hungarian Upper House in 1885. (A Research Project and its First Findings.) 1. The author outlines the first findings and the further proposals of his research about the constitutional reform of the structure of the Upper House in 1885. As the relic of the feudal constitution, the Upper House of the Hungarian Diet functioned in the traditional way up to 1885, to wit, all titular aristocrat completed his twenty-fourth year was its member by right of birth. The royal invitation during the diet of 1884-1887 was still delivered to 699 aristocrats. The further records show that at least 139 aristocrats did not receive the royal invitation, because, as Dr. Vörös went on to state, they might have not intended to exercise their constitutional rights. In addition, many of the Transylvanian aristocrats did not receive the royal invitation after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 as well. Although the sessions of the Upper House were not really frequented, it was obvious that this old political institution could not be kept alive in the process of the formation of the Hungarian civil society. 2. According to the seventh article of the law enacted by the legislation in 1885, the aristocrat completed his twentyfourth year can keep his membership in the Upper House if he is in possession of the large estate, the entailed estate, or the beneficial right of the usufrucht of the entailed estate respectively on which is imposed at least three thousand forints property tax annually. It is also provided by this law that the list of the names of the aristocrat families which have the hereditary membership in the Upper House has to be registered. (As by the eighth article of the law enacted, these families have to be recorded in the register book on daily basis.) If the male descendants of these families are put into possession of the real estate on which is imposed at least three thousand forints property tax annually they automatically become the member of the Upper House as well. The new families which are raised to the aristocracy by the king in the future may be also conferred the hereditary membership. 3. As a result of this law, only two hundred and five aristocrats were co-opted in the new Upper House . The number of the membership in the new Upper House formed less than 30 percent of the old one's. In order to avoid the expected political landslide, fifty previous members among the four hundred and ninety-four eliminated aristocrats were co-opted again as a lifelong member in the new Upper House by means of election.
