A zsidó népesseg száma településenként 1840–1941 (1993)

INTRODUCTION

At the population census of 1949, 133,862 persons — of them, 76,000 females and 58,000 males — were surveyed. Their distribution by sex points to the fact that there where the chances a survival were better (for example, in the ghetto of Budapest) the majority of the survivors were females. In the countryside mostly males survived since women and children were generally taken to Auschwitz where the majority were immediately driven to the gas chambers; a part of the men — as forced labourers — had more chances of survival. The data point alsó to the further continuation of the régiónál concentration. A significant part of the population of the Israelite religion — especially in the Trianon area — had already formerly lived in the capital and in the large towns. In 1949, 76 percent of the Israelite population was concentrated in Budapest. The rest — as it can be established from the details of the data processing — were living in somé large towns or in the latter's vicinity. With regard to the 1949 data the question of reliability alsó arises. The answer is an unequivocal "yes". This can be proven on the basis of two factors. At the 1949 population census, of the population of 9 204,799, 12,291 persons declared themselves to be outside denominations and there were 1521 persons of unknown religion. The two items, even together, fali short of 1.5 per thousand. This points to the fact that the data of the 1949 population census with regard to the distribution by religion truly reflect the reality. This is well illustrated by the proportions of the Román Catholics and of the Calvinists (67.8 and 21.9 percent, respectively) which are about the same as their respective proportions during the earlier decades. Naturally, the loss of the Isrealite population, the absence of the population evicted and the exchange of populations resulted in minor changes compared to the respective proportions of 1941. (In 1941, in the Trianon area, the proportions of the Román Catholics and Calvinists were 65.7 and 20.8 percent, respectively). After this deviation, somé further remarks about the structure of the volume and about the publication are alsó necessary. One had in mind that the part of the data regarding the population of Christian religions "classified as Jews" is less known. These data show the distribution of this population by the denominations (usually, Christian denominations) to which the people concerned belonged as well as the number of their parent/s/ or grandparent/s/ who were of the Israelite religion. In the case of these tables - because of the limited space - régiónál distribution had to be omitted. Consequently, these data are published as Table 5 of "Summary results" only in a distribution by totál for Hungary and Budapest. Here a similar compilation prepared on the basis of the Law N° IV of 1939 is alsó published in a similar breakdown. In the heading of the table the most important religions (such as, Román Catholic, Greek Catholic, Calvinist, Lutheran, Greek Orthodox, and Unitarian) are indicated, in the rubric "other" are included the Baptists, those of other religions, those outside denominations and those whose religion is unknown. The lateral text contains the number of grandparents and, respectively, parents in a breakdown by males and females. The data by localities of the number of persons of religions other than the Israelite but "classified as Jews" on the basis of the Law N° XV of 1941 are published in Table 1. 16