1996. ÉVI MIKROCENZUS A munkát keresők, munkanélküliek helyzete (1997)

BEVEZETŐ

INTRODUCTION The results of the 1996 microcensus are published in a series of volumes by the Central Statistical Office. The first volume of the series is the publication entitled "Population and Housing Characteristics", which summarizes the most important results of the survey. The volumes focusing on various specific topics, are published subsequently. The present volumes provides detailed information on the demographic and household-family data and housing conditions of the unemployed. Information can be found in the tables on the distribution of the unemployed according to age, sex, the highest educational attainment, and main characteristics of households and families concerned by unemployment. As to régiónál data, we divided information concerning counties into groups by regions, and information relating to individual regions has been presented broken down by type of locality. We used the area development statistical division of regions recommended by experts. The data analysis published here, summarizes the main characteristics of development of unemployment referring to the first half of the nineties and shows somé methodological characteristics of data of the 1996 microcensus relating to unemployment, besides describing the unemployed based on the data of the 1996 microcensus. A narrowed version of the concepts used is published in the present volume, while the whole rangé of the concepts and explanations can be found in the appropriate chapter of the volume "Population and Housing Characteristics". The most important findings of the survey are as follows: — The proportion of males within the unemployed was 64 percent, and the proportion of females was 36 percent. Young people in working age — particularly those with lower education — are more concerned by unemployment, than people middle-aged and aged. — The analysis of respondents' educational level shows, that the chance of finding employment in the case of those having merely primary school level is much worse than the average. On the contrary, the condition of those having higher degree was the most favourable regarding unemployment, their proportion within unemployed persons didn't reach 3 percent. — There is marked relationship between unemployment and the hierarchic structure of types of locality and extent of localities. From the capital through bigger and smaller towns to villages, the unemployment increases. — The analysis of data by regions makes it obvious that there are large differences between the individual parts of the country in respect of unemployment. The value of unemployment rate in regions with unfavourable conditions -the Northern Hungary region concerned closely by regression of heavy industry, and the Northern Great Plain region undeveloped economically-, was about 18 percent, while in the Western Transdanubia and Central Hungary region it was between 8-9 percent. 13