A háztartások és a családok társadalmi–foglalkozási tagozódása / A társadalom rétegződése – időszaki közlemények (1999)

BEVEZETŐ

In íhe firsí half of íhe nineties the proporíion ofhouseholds wiíh heterogeneous composition increased among households containing two active earners, remained the same hasically among those with three or four members, and decreased among larger households. In 1996 among homogeneous households the most frequent in almost every socio-occupational strata are those with three members, while in all of the síratification groups of heterogeneous households íhe share of four member households are íhe largesí. The average size of households wiíh only manual worker acíive earners or ofíhose wiíh boíh non-manual and manual ones is larger íhan íhaí of households wiíh only non-manual workers. Among households wiíh heíerogeneous composiíion íhe mosí frequení are íhose wiíh both manual and non-manual workers. The larger proporíion of households with active earner are förmed by those with both young and middle-aged members, but íhe households of íhe middle-aged alsó represení a considerable proporíion. Among households consisíed ofboíh young and middle-aged members íhe mosí frequení are íhose wiíh agriculíural workers, while among households of middle-aged only ií is the proportion of those with non-manual workers. The socio-occupational síraíificaíion ofhouseholds wiíh only young or only middle-aged members is more heíerogeneous íhan ihat of mulíi-generation households. The more active earners are in the household íhe higher is íhe proportion of íhose wiíh heíerogeneous socio-occupaíional composiíion. In almosí íwo-íhirds of households wiíh heíerogeneous composiíion íhere are only employees and/or members of co-operaíives, while half of íhaí is íhe proporíion of households containing ownaccouní workers, members of parínerships and/or freelancers besides employees and/or members of co-operaíives. The housing condiíions of households wiíh heíerogeneous composiíion are more favourable in every respecí íhan íhaí of homogeneous households wiíh only one acíive earner member possibly. Their dwellings can be described wiíh higher proporíion of occupaíion by owner, higher number of rooms, and beííer equipmení. Within the homogeneous caíegory, households of non-manual worker employees or members of co-operaíives and households of managers, and households of own-accouní workers or freelancers lixe in dwellings wiíh beííer characíerisíics. Among households wiíh heíerogeneous composiíion alsó, íhose containing managers or consisíing of nonmanual own-accouní workers or freelancers only live in íhe besí housing condiíions. Ií can be said abouí boíh íhe households wiíh homogeneous and íhose with heterogeneous composition thai the housing condiíions of agriculíural workers are íhe leasí favourable. A similar picíure is íaking shape abouí housing condiíions regarding families wiíh differení socio-occupaíional composiíion. The largesí dwellings wiíh íhe mosí equipmení are occupied by married couples of own-accouní workers and/or freelancers. Favourable is íhe position of families of non-manual own-accouní workers even wiíh one acíive earner family-member only. Compared families of non-manual workers ío íhose of manual workers it is apparent íhaí íhe former are more often íenanís íhough of larger dwellings wiíh beííer equipmení. 15