1996. ÉVI MIKROCENZUS Az élettársi kapcsolatban élők adatai (1998)

AZ ÉLETTÁRSI KAPCSOLATBAN ÉLŐK TÁRSADALMI-DEMOGRÁFIAI JELLEMZŐI ÉS LAKÁSVISZONYAI

those having not completed generál school was 12 percent among wives, and less than 35 percent have completed generál school only. The share of those having a certificate of second-level apprentice or vocational school is similar (15 percent among female cohabiting partners and 14 among wives), while in higher educational levels the proportions of wives are greater. The diíferences are not that significant among males, but similarly, a higher educational attainment can be found among the married. 9 percent of male cohabiting partners don't have first level certificate, the share of those having completed the eighth grade of generál school is 34 percent. More than 9 percent completed third-level education, while the share of those with a secondary school final exam is lower than that of female partners. The proportion of husbands with the lowest level educational attaiments is slightly higher than that of male cohabiting partners. The share of those having completed generál school is far behind them, while slightly less completed apprentice or vocational schools. The shares of husbands with secondary school final exam or with diploma are respectively by 3 and 5 percentage points higher than those of male cohabiting partners (17.5 and 9 percent). As a result of social and economic changes, the economic activity structure of population transformed: the number and proportion of active earners have declined considerably, while that of the unemployed has multiplied. Because of aging of the population and the decrease in the employment of those above retirement age, the share of inactive earners - and of pensioners within them increased. The changes in the economic activity structure of population is represented alsó in the economic activity and socio-occupational composition of those living in consensual unions and in married couples. Since 1990, the share of couples where both partners are active earners, has diminished by 15 percentage points: at present, 31.5 percent of consensual unions and 33.5 percent of married couples are of this type. Simultaneously, the proportion of couples with no active earner partner has increased considerably both among consensual unions (33 percent) and married couples (36 percent), which shows the financial stability of families going insecure. The share of couples with one active earner and one unemployed, inactive earner or dependent partner, increased, also. The proportion of cohabitions this type increased from 33 percent in 1990 to 35 in 1996, while that of married couples grew írom 24 percent to 31. It is in the capital that the economic activity composition of consensual unions is the most favourable, while in rural areas the most unfavourable. It is to be noticed that in smaller localities, especially in rural areas, this is also influenced considerably by the diíferences in age composition. In Budapest, in 40 percent of consensual unions there are two active earners, in 37 percent there is only one, while less than a quarter of them are without employed partner. At the same time, among married couples, the share of those with active earner spouses is nearly the same as that of couples with no active earner (37 and 34 percent, respectively). In other úrban areas, the respective shares among legal spouses are near to those in the capital, while among cohabiting partners, they are far more unfavourable than in Budapest. In rural areas, in 43 percent of consensual unions none of the two partners is active earner, in 36 percent there is one active partner and only in 21 percent are two active earners. In the case of married couples the respective proportions are more balanced, however the economic activity composition in rural areas is the least favourable. The same can be said about couples with at least one unemployed partner. At the same time, it is in rural areas only that the share of married couples, with both partners unemployed, exceeds 1 percent, while the respective share among consensual unions comes close to 3 percent in the capital and in other úrban areas, and to 4 in rural areas. It is in 5 percent of consensual unions in the capital, that only the male partner is unemployed, while in a further 6 percent of them, the female partner is unemployed only. At the same time, in other 19